JAN FERN HISTORILLO

BS Electronics and Communications Engineering

Optoelectronics Engr. Joybelle buenaventura
a : something that makes vision possible
b : the sensation aroused by stimulation of the visual receptors
c : electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength that
travels; such radiation that is visible to the human eye
It is a special kind of
electromagnetic energy.
Sources of Light
Incandescent light light produced
by heating an object until it glows.
Fluorescent Light
Light produced by electron bombardment of
gas molecules
Phosphors absorb photons that are created
when mercury gas gets zapped with electrons.
The phosphors glow & produce light.
Photonics - the technology for
generating and harnessing light
whose quantum unit is the photon.
Optoelectronics - to a device that
responds to optical power, emits or
modifies optical radiation or utilizes
optical radiation for its internal
operation.
Electro-Optics - to a device that responds to
optical power, emits or modifies optical
radiation or utilizes optical radiation for its
internal operation or any device that
functions as an electrical-to-optical or
optical-to electrical transducer..
Early (ca 1200 BCE) Bible Passage of Exodus 38:8
The Use of Mirrors
IBN AL-HAYTHAM (965 in Basra - c. 1039 in Cairo )
Father of Optics
Newton (17
th
Century)
asserted that light was formed by
very tiny corpuscles (particles).
Huygens (17
th
Century)
that light was a wave, basing this affirmation
on its undulatory (wave like) characteristics;
concept of ether was introduced.
Michelson and Morleys
Ether does not exist.
Speed of light is constant.
Planck and Einstein
Undulatory Theory is not true.
Corpuscle Theory - Photons.
General Characteristics

Speed = 2.99 x 10
8
m/s in a vacuum state.
0.03 % lesser in air and 30.0 % slower
It travels in a straight line at fixed speed, carrying
one energy from one place to another.
Can be represented with magnitude and
direction.
Wave-Particle Duality
TRIVIA
Detection and measurement of
light energy is called radiometry.
The Dual Nature
Developed models to see the
effects of light.
Light can behave as a wave
Light can behave like a discrete
particle (quantum)
The Concept of a PhotonS
The particle-like of nature of light is
modelled with photons.
Based on Sir Albert Einsteins
Photoelectric effect
Photon has no mass and no charge. It
is a carrier of electromagnetic energy
and interacts with other discrete
particles like electrons, atoms and
molecules.
A beam of light
is modelled as
a stream of
photons.
Each Photon carries
a well-defined
energy that is
dependent upon the
wavelength of light.
The Photon Energy can be computed as:

=

Where: E = Photon Energy (Joules)
h = Plancks Constant = 6.625 x 10
-34
(J*s)
C = speed of light (m/s)
= wavelength (m)
The Dual Nature
Developed models to see the
effects of light.
Light can behave as a wave
The Concept of a PhotonS
The Concept of Waves
Light was first described as a wave
due to its behaviour.
Used to describe fine-scale effects
such as interference and diffraction
that occur when light passes through
small openings or by sharp edges.
Used to describe fine-scale effects
such as interference and diffraction
that occur when light passes through
small openings or by sharp edges.
The propagation of light or electromagnetic
energy can be described as a travelling
wave in motion. The wave moves energy
without moving mass from one place to
another at a speed independent of its
intensity or wavelength.
This wave nature of light is the basis
of physical optics and describes the
interaction of light with media.
The wave carries light energy with it. The
amount of energy that flows per second
across a unit area perpendicular to the
direction of travel is called the
irradiance (flux density) of the wave.
The Duality of Light
Metal Plate
WAVE MODEL OF LIGHT
Explains most properties of light

PARTICLE THEORY OF LIGHT
Photoelectric Effect Photons of light produce free electrons
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