SAN CARLOS UNIVERSITY

ENGINEERING SCHOOL
TECHNICAL ENGLISH 2
NO. NAME ID
1. Hector Mendez Arriola 2006-18507
2. Cristian Raul Marroquin de Leon 2008-18865
3. Juan Pablo Segura Rodas 2008-18989
4. Ricardo Alfredo Amado de Len 2008-19219
5. Eduardo Alejandro Gonzalez Gonzalez 2008-19340
6. Luis Alfonso Herrera Ruiz 2008-20122
7. Jenny Andrea Simen Prez 2011-22933
Metrology is the science of measurement, includes all
theoretical and practical aspects of measurement.
Measurements come in all forms. Gemstones can be measured
for hardness or carat size. Pieces of wood can be measured for
length. Electricity can be measured in amps, volts, and watts.
Also a metrologist is a person who practices one or more
methods employed in measurement. All measurements are
relative in that they are comparisons of some known standard.
Some ways to measure things are by weight, pressure,
resistance, temperature, Quantity, capacity, etc.

Metrology laboratories are places where both metrology and
calibration work are performed. Calibration laboratories
generally specialize in calibration work only.
Both metrology and calibration laboratories must isolate the
work performed from influences that might affect the work.
Temperature, humidity, vibration, electrical power supply,
radiated energy and other influences are often controlled.
Generally, it is the rate of change or instability that is more
detrimental than whatever value prevails.

Calibration is a comparison between measurements one of
known magnitude or correctness made or set with one device
and another measurement made in as similar a way as possible
with a second device. The device with the known or assigned
correctness is called the standard. The second device is the unit
under test, test instrument, or any of several other names for the
device being calibrated.

Calibration process:

Calibration is defined as an association between measurements one of a
scale or accuracy made or set with one piece of equipment and another
measurement made in as similar a way as possible with a second piece of
equipment. The piece of equipment or device with the known or assigned
accuracy is called the standard.

Quality:
To improve the quality of the calibration and have the results accepted by
outside organizations it is desirable for the calibration and subsequent
measurements to be "traceable" to the internationally defined measurement
units. Establishing traceability is accomplished by a formal comparison to
a standard which is directly or indirectly related to national standards
(such as NIST in the USA), international standards, or certified reference
materials. This may be done by national standards laboratories operated
bythe government or by private firms offering metrology services.

Metrology in the Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering department
serves many majors, which, are related to manufacturing. In our modern
industrial society we need to be able to produce manufactured goods that
are made to exacting standards, able to be repaired with interchangeable
parts, and be consistent in their production so that costs can be reduced.
Some statistics indicate that between 60% and 80% of faults in a factory
are directly related to the lack of an adequate system of metrological
assurance. This not only refers to the meter, but also the human factor. I
mean, you can have the best equipment, tested and calibrated, but if the
user is not able to handle it, it can not properly interpret their values.
Industrial Sector and Specific Technological Areas and Magnitudes of Metrology
1. Metrology is also a key tool for foreign trade: one kilogram or liter should be
the same in Japan, Italy and the United States. Then has considerable
economic importance, since it provides certainty for transactions.
2. Metrology plays an important role in the standardization of processes,
products, laws and specifications with a view to export and import in aspects
relating to metrology; awareness with the middle of the Organization and the
documentation required by the enterprise metrological assurance system
was developed.
3. Calibration is vitally important wherever measurements are important, it
enables users and businesses to have confidence in the results that they
monitor record and subsequently control.

GLOSARY
Accuracy
Accuracy is the degree of conformity with an established norm. Accuracy can also be considered as a
comparison between the actual and the desired results.
Precision
Precision is the fidelity of the measurement process in relation to its repeatability.
Measurement
Is the process of assigning a numerical value to measure results.
Value of measurement
Is the assigned value.
Measurand
Particular quantity subject to measurement.
Traceability
The chain of comparisons relating an instrument with the primary standard.
Units of Measurement
A system of units of measurement is a set of reliable units, uniforms and properly defined that satisfy the
measurement needs.