Building Services II

Case Study Presentation

Name Student ID
Yam Yih Hwan 0305861
Low Rong Tzuoo 0304924
Ng Jun Keat 0314368
Dixon Cheong 0310356
Adrian Ng Kar Chun 0314516
Wong Ha Shiong 0309640
What is Building service?
One of a crucial role in a building
Building service is responsible for the design of :
Installation
Operation
Monitoring of the mechanical, electrical and public health systems
Safety,
Comfortable
Environmentally Friendly Operation
Influence the architecture of a building
Play a significant role on the sustainability and energy
demand of a building

The Summit, Subang USJ
The Summit located at Subang Jaya, USJ
Purpose of choosing The Summit as our case study:
Locate all services within the building
Services in the building quite old
Low maintenance
The Summit used to be popular
place for youngster & families
Less and less popular due to
the poor management of
the building

Why is building services so important?
Building services is what makes a building alive
Makes the building safe and alive
Without building services, we wont have lighting, heat,
escalator, lift, acoustics, plumbing, power supply, the
security and safety system in a building
Without all this it will only be a cold, dark and
uninhabitable building

First impression of The Summit!
Safety system are spoiled and poorly maintained
Examples are the emergency phone and the fire escape
door which is allocated near the stairs
The environment in the building is dark and creepy
The population is lesser compared to other shopping
complex

How can The Summit attract more shoppers?
Improve the lighting to be more brighter
Add more interior decoration around to make the building
look more lively
Keep the services updated by maintaining it regularly

Natural vs. Mechanical
During our visit to The Summit,
we found out that both natural and
mechanical systems of ventilation
are implemented









In the washrooms, there are 3 openings of windows to provide ventilation.
There is also a fan blower inside, which is of the mechanical system.

Split Units
Air doors are installed at every
automatic sliding door at The Summit
To prevent loss of cool air
To prevent hot air from coming in









Condensers are normally located around the basement level or the
rooftop.


Centralized System
In the main area or lobby of the building,
centralized system and
air-conditioning is installed.
With this system, fresh or
cold air is transfer through
ducting to various
part of the building.

Water Chiller System
The cooling tower is located
at the top of the building,
along with other services,
for examples;
piping,
split units &
electrical distributor

Diffusers
Diffusers are where the air comes out and is
discharged into the rooms.
In The Summit, 3 types of diffusers:
Linear Diffuser
It is used in open plan rooms and
it will hardly interfere with the
pattern of the ceiling.
Its direction of air discharge can be
changed to suit the room conditions.
It is suitable with high air velocity
and it has high induction slot
can have rapid decay of air velocity
and temperature.
Diffusers
Cone Diffuser
Its shape can sometimes be square to match pattern of the ceiling
and its inner cone can be lowered or raised to result in different
flow pattern.

Diffusers
Side Wall Inlet Diffuser
It is used when there is no false ceiling. For every inlet there will
be a grill.
The air discharge can be controlled by sets of louvers in vertical or
horizontal plane. The flow pattern can be varied according to room
size, velocity and aspect ratio.

Fire Protection
Active fire protection
Method requires mechanical, electric or electronic activation
Manual or automatic fire protection system
Eg. fire alarms, detectors, wet and dry risers, hose reels, carbon
dioxide fixed installation
Passive fire protection
An integral component of the structural fire protection and fire safety
in a building.
Contain fires or preventing the fire from spreading
Eg. fire-resistant walls, floors, and doors, etc.

Active Fire Protection
Fire Extinguisher
Intended for initial outbreak of fire
Four different types of fire extinguishers

Active Fire Protection
Hose Reel
Intended for occupant to use during early stage of fire
Located at every escape routes
19mm diameter
25m in length

Active Fire Protection
Sprinkler
Detect, control, extinguish fire
Warn the occupants of the occurrence of fire
Equipped with control valve to deliver the pressure of the
sprinkler water

Automatic fire alarm system Manual fire alarm system
Automatically initiates and
activates the alarm when it
detects fire
Eg. fire detection system

Provides an alarm to be
activated only when it is switch
on by someone
Eg. Manual call point

Active Fire Protection
Passive Fire Protection
Fire-resistant door
Mainly for fire escape doors
Should not be obstructed by any objects

Staircase Fireman Lift
Staircase were properly
designed
The dimension of the threads
and risers were constructed
consistently
No winders built
Length of the landing is not
less than the width

The fireman lift is indicated

Passive Fire Protection
Problems
The fire extinguishers were not
send for maintenance
Maintenance has to be done to
ensure that the extinguisher is
still functional

That the manual fire alarm is
not in use.

Problems
The fire doors are not in good condition
For example, the quality is degraded, the doorknob is
missing, and the doors should always be closed and should
not be obstructed by any object.


Problems
Their voice communication systems are not in suitable
conditions and not maintenance were carried out.

Vertical Transportation Systems
Population of The Summit around 5000+-
Area of The Summit
1.2 million square feet;
it is a commercial building
consists of 9 floors including basements
Only one bus stop in front of The Summit
The Summit poor in position of building in relation
to public transport services, which means it has low
passenger peaks during arrival hours.

Lift
The Summit used hydraulic
lifts
Total numbers of 5 passenger
and 6 fires man lifts on every
floor

Lift Car
Capacity of the lift car is
20 passengers
Lift entrances about 1160mm
wide with 2 pieces of doors
50 seconds for door closing
time with 1160mm width doors
Passenger transfer time at
50 seconds in and out

Problems of the Lift
5 passenger and 6 fires man lifts
on every floor, but only
one passenger lift is working
The Summit used hydraulic lifts, and
it supposed to be low vibration and
noise, but it causes a lot of vibration
and noise during the ride
Less Maintenance

Escalator
Two types of escalator:
One way traffic of single bank
with interrupted traffic in
one direction on every floor

Escalator
Two-way traffic parallel located in the cinema
Electricity Supply Systems

The main switch boards are located around the building examples are at the rooftop,
at the ground floor and the basement parking













The pictures above show the different location of the main switch board
Electricity Supply Systems
Function of the main switch board:
act as an assembly of switches and circuit protection devices
from which power is distributed
It is totally enclosed,
sheet steel fabricated
Distributes large incoming supply
into smaller, easily controlled parcel

Recommendation for Fire Protections
The Summit Recommendation
Nearest fire hydrant is 51 meter
away.
A good one should be 6 meter away.
Not more than 30 m away from the
building.
19mm diameter hose reel. 25mm diameter hose reel.
Recommendation for Fire Protections
Hose reel length is 25 meter. A good one should be 30 meter
length.
Smoke detector system.
The number of detectors should not
be less than 1 in 100m.
Heat detector system.
The number of detectors fitted
should not be less than 1 in 50m
Recommendation for Vertical Transportation
The Summit Recommendation
Hydraulic Lift Electric Lift
Speed is slower. Speed is faster.
The pump works against gravity to
push the car and its contents
upwards.
Movement is depending on the
electrical power.
Energy used to lift the elevator does
not get recovered on the trip going
down, it is completely lost.
Do not use as much energy due to
the counterweight.