Presented by Yumnam Girish Singh

12/CE/419
Under the guidance of Dr Diptesh Das
Introduction

Mathematical modeling can be concerned for the
computation of deflection in the deck, moment
created due to static load.
In the recent days mathematical modeling is
concerned with the dynamic behavior of the bridge
The collapse of Tacoma narrow bridge stimulate the
mathematical modeling of suspension bridge

The collapse of Tacoma bridge
Bridge was collapsed just after 4 month of opening.
The collapse was stimulated by small force causing
large deformation due to non-linear property of the
cable
Both the vertical and torsional oscillation occurred in
the failure
The bridge was oscillating about the 45 min before
failing.


Fig: oscillation at
tacoma bridge and
collapse after the
oscillation
At first the scientist suggest the failure was due to the
resonance.
But actually it took five decades to solve the mystery of
collapse of the bridge.
Mathematician McKenna first published a paper
describing the failure of Tacoma bridge.
Objective
Mathematical modeling of suspension bridge under
large amplitude oscillation.
Mathematical modeling
Linear modeling is insufficient to explain the large
oscillatory behavior
For the dynamic behavior one dimensional modeling
is considered.

Mathematical modeling under large-amplitude periodic
oscillations in suspension bridges



A. Single beam equation

B. Spring beam system

Single beam equation
Construction holding the cable stays is solid and
immovable.

The non linear equation is given by




Where m=mass per unit length of the bridge
E= youngs modulus
i= moment of inertia of the cross section
b= damping co efficient
w= weight per unit length of the bridge
= external periodic forces such as wind etc
L= length of the centre span of the bridge.




) , ( ) ( ) , (
) , ( ) , ( ) , (
4
4
2
2
t x f x W t x ku
t
t x u
b
x
t x u
EI
t
t x u m

The first term in the equation represents an inertial
force, the second term is an elastic force and the last
term on the left-hand side describes a viscous
damping. On The right-hand side, we have the
influence of the cable stays, the gravitation force and
the external force Due to the wind (time-periodic).
The cable stays can be taken as one-sided springs,
Obeying Hooke's law, with a restoring force
proportional to the displacement if they are stretched,
and with no restoring force if they are compressed.


Spring beam system
In this case the construction holding the cable stays as
an immovable object

In this case two non linear equation was obtain





With boundary condition



) , ( ) (
) , ( ) (
2 2 2
1 1 1
y x f W v u k b EIu u m
t x f W v u k v b Tv v m
xxx tt
t xx tt

0 ) , ( ) (), ) , ( ) , 0 ( ) , ( ) , 0 ( t L v t v t L u t u t L u t u
xx xx
Future work
I will be studying the dynamic behavior of the
suspension bridge under the seismic load.
REFERENCES
1. Gabriela Holubova Tajcova : Mathematical modeling of
suspension bridges , Mathematics and Computers in
Simulation 50 (1999) 183-197
2. A. C. Lazer; P. J. McKenna: Large-Amplitude Periodic
Oscillations in Suspension Bridges: Some New
Connections with Nonlinear Analysis , SIAM Review, Vol.
32, No. 4. (Dec., 1990), pp. 537-578.
3. P.J. McKenna : Large Torsional Oscillations in suspension
bridge Revisted:Fixing and old approximation,
4. Dr. Richard Ohene Kwofie: Mathematical Model of a
Suspension bridge case study: adomi bridge , master of
science thesis

Thank you