A catalyst is a substance that can accelerate the

rate of reaction.

Biocatalyst is a catalyst that works on metabolic
processes, that is called an enzyme

Compounds which include biocatalyst is an enzyme

Enzymes are protein catalysts specific biological
reactions (called biocatalyst)



INTRODUCTIO
N
THE DIFFERENT CATALYST AND
BIOCATALYST
1. compound 1. Metall (Pt,Ni,Cu) 1. Proteins
2. Active Center 2. Negative 2. Positive
3. Work 3. Not spesific 3. Spesific
4. The nature of
denaturation
4. Negative 4. Positifve
CLASSIFICATION CATALYST BIOCATALYST
What Are Enzymes
Enzymes are chemical
substances which are
mostly proteins.

Enzymes catalyze nearly
all the biochemical
reactions in the living cells.

Enzymes are typically
derived from plants,micro-
organisms (yeast, bacteria
or fungi) or animal tissue
(e.g. protease from
pancreas).
STRUKTUR
ENZIM
Two models of the enzyme bond
Mechanism of action of
the enzyme
Lock And Key
Theory
Substrate = key.
Enzyme = lock
Active site = key hole
The substrate (key) fits
precisely with the active
site (key hole) of the
enzyme (lock)
Induced Fit Theory

Induced fit = change in the
shape of enzymes active
site, which is induced by the
substrate in order to suit the
substrates shape.
This is referred to as an
induced fit of the substrate of
the enzyme.
Types Of Biocatalysts
Microbes: e.g. yeast, and other anaerobic bacterias

Lipases: These are the most widely used class of
enzymes in organic synthesis, they are preferred widely
because of their better stability as compared to others.

Proteases: Enzymes which break down proteins.

Cellulases: Enzymes which break down cellulose.

Amylases: which break down starch into simple sugars







oxidoreductase

transferase

hydrolase

lyase

isomerase
CLASSIFICATIO
N
KINETICS OF
REAKTION ENZIME
Enzyme activity = of enzymes to
speed on the catalyst substrate, the
units Units (U)

1 U = amount of enzyme that does so
as a change catalyst 1 mikronmol
substrate per minute at a
temperature of 25oC
Michaelis-Menten
Model
This model describes the enzyme catalyst with the
following concepts:
E + S ES E + P

E + S ES E + P

k
1

k
-1

k
2

K-1 + K2
= Km konstanta Michaelis
K2

Vmax [S]
V = Persamaan Michaelis-Menten
Km + [S]
The enzyme activity depends on the
- Concentration of substrate
temperature






pH