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The present perfect tense

Practice exercises.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The Present Perfect Tense is formed by 2 things:
the auxiliary verb HAVE and HAS
(in all form: Affirmative, Negative and Interrogative)
the PAST PARTICIPLE
For Example
She has worked in that office for six years.
auxiliary
past participle
Here are some more examples!
I have already eaten breakfast.
She has seen that movie before.
We have dealt with customers for
many years.
In these examples the
past participle has an
irregular form. Just
like the lists youve
been studying
She has used a cash register before.
He has worked for that company since
May.
We have already served their food.
In these examples
the past participle
has a regular form
and looks just the
the simple past
tense, but its not.
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I have lived in San Diego for 10 years.

Meaning = I moved to San Diego 10 years ago and I
still live here today.

The Present Perfect connects the past and the
present.
USAGE: THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

puts emphasis on the result
Ex: She has written five letters.
expresses an action that is still going on.
Ex: University has not started yet.
expresses an action that stopped recently
Ex: She has cooked dinner.
expresses a finished action that has an influence on the
present
Ex: I have lost my key.
expresses an action that has taken place once, never or
several times before the moment of speaking
Ex: I have never been to Australia.
How to make the past participle form

Category Present Simple Past Past Participle
Verbs which don't
change
cut
hit
fit
cut
hit
fit
cut
hit
fit
Verbs which
change their
vowel
sit
drink
dig
sat
drank
dug
sat
drunk
dug
Verbs which
change their
vowel and add -
EN
break
eat
take
broke
ate
took
broken
eaten
taken
Verbs which
change
completely
catch
bring
teach
caught
brought
taught
caught
brought
taught
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For irregular verbs, use the participle form (3rd column). For regular verbs,
just add ed.
FORM OF THE PRESENT PERFECT
Positive Negative Question
I/you/we/they I have spoken. I have not
spoken.
Have I spoken?
He/she/it He has spoken. He has not
spoken.
Has he spoken?
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REMEMBER

THE AUXILIARY HAVE CHANGES FORM:

I HAVE, YOU HAVE, WE HAVE
BUT
HE HAS, SHE HAS, JOHN HAS

USING CONTRACTIONS
IN THE PRESENT PERFECT
IVE = I HAVE YOUVE= YOU HAVE
HES = HE HAS SHES = SHE HAS
WEVE = WE HAVE THEYVE = THEY HAVE
THINGS TO NOTE
THE PAST PARTICIPLE IS FORMED
IN REGULAR VERBS BY ADDING
-ED
IN IRREGULAR VERBS THE WHOLE FORM
CHANGES
SEE, SAW, SEEN
DO, DID, DONE
EAT, ATE, EATEN
When we want to ask a question about
something that happened at any time before
now, we say:
Have you ever.?
Have you ever worked at a job you really loved?
Has she ever worked at a job she really hated?
Have they ever used a cash register?
Have you ever supervised other employees?
The short answer is
Yes, I have.
No, I havent
Yes, she has.
No, she hasnt.
EVER (alguna vez) NEVER
USED WITH THE PRESENT PERFECT
Ever means 'at any time', the specific time is
unknown or unnecessary, and is used in questions.
Example

Have you ever met a famous person ?
(Did you meet a famous person at any time in the
past.)
Never is originally a contraction of 'not
ever'.
Ever is also used with nothing, nobody for things
that haven't happened before.
Example
- Nobody has ever travelled through time.
Never means the subject hasn't had a
certain experience before.
Ex ample
Have you ever been abroad? No, I've
never been abroad.
(I've never had that experience before.)
Ever is also used with 'the first time' for first
experiences.
Example- This is the first time I've ever eaten
snake soup.
Never can be used in negative questions
to show the surprise that you've never
had a certain experience before.
Example-

Have you never played soccer?
Ever or never?
ALREADY (ya) YET (an, todava no)
USED WITH THE PRESENT PERFECT
Already means that something happened
earlier than we expected. With Present
Perfect already usually goes after have
or has and before the main verb.

Examples

- We've already had our breakfast.

- When are you going to do your
homework?
- But I've already done it!

- Do you want a cup of coffee?
- No, thanks. I've already had one."

Yet means that something that we
expected has happened or hasn't
happened. We usually put it at the
end of a sentence.

Examples

- Has the post arrived yet?

- Have you done your homework?
- Not yet.

- Haven't you got ready yet? Look
at the time!



Already or yet?
We often use the Present Perfect with already to
talk about things that have happened before now.
Ive already eaten breakfast. Shes already read that book.
Youre too late. Hes already left for school.
We usually use yet in questions to find out if
something has happened before now.
Have you bought your mother a present yet?
Has she seen that movie yet?
Have they left for school yet?
INDEFINITE TIME IN THE
PAST
DURATION OF AN ACTION OR
STATE FROM PRESENT TO
PAST
FOR
SINCE
USING FOR AND SINCE
Use for
o With an amount (length) of time
for a year for 3 hours
for 2 days for a long time
Use since
o With a specific moment in time
since 1995 since I woke up
since last Tuesday since 8 a.m.
DURATION OF TIME EXAMPLES
Ive known her for many years.
She has been waiting here for over an hour.
They have been in Canada for the past ten
years.
He has owned his home since 1995.
She has taught here for many years.
She has not seen him in ages.
DURATION OF TIME
Use for an action, event, or state that started in the
past but continues (or can continue) into the
present
Used most often with
Ive been on the phone 10 minutes.
Ive been on the phone 8 oclock.
have I been on the phone?
for
how long
since
TIME SIGNALS FOR INDEFINITE
TIME
recently
JUST
ever
LATELY
YET
ALREADY
NO TIME SIGNAL
EXAMPLES OF INDEFINITE TIME
You have seen that movie.
He has just finished his project.
The books have not arrived yet.
They have already eaten lunch.
I have never met her husband.
Have you ever tasted sushi?
INDEFINITE TIME
Excuse me, but (we meet) ? You look
familiar.
Im not hungry. I (just have) lunch.
How many people (you invite) to the party?
Can you let me in? I (forget) my
key.

have we met
ve just had
have you invited
ve forgotten
DURATION OF TIME TIME SIGNALS
for
since
10 oclock this
morning
Tuesday
A long time
years
the past year
many years
so far
What do you need
the Present Perfect for ?

to tell what you have done recently/ lately.
to tell what you have just or already done.
to tell what you have never/ ever done.
to tell what you have done so far/ up to now.
to tell what you have done today/ this week/ this
month/ this year.

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What is so confusing about it ?
It can describe either
present or past
activities !


There is no similar
grammatical item in
our language!
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Any Questions?
No?
OK Lets Practice!
Why dont you try some
exercises?
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PRACTICING THE PRESENT PERFECT
I (wait) for the bus for 20
minutes!

What (do) to my hair? Its awful!


I cant go to the party with you. I
( finish) my homework.

Where is Marc? He (go) shopping for
Food.

How long (you work) here?

have
waited
have you
done
havent
finished
s gone
have you
worked
PRACTICE PRESENT PERFECT
WITH FOR AND SINCE
James has not seen his brother ten years.
We have had an Internet connection last September.
She has had that cough 2 weeks.
Louis has played the piano he was a child.
I havent seen Claire she graduated.
I have not slept well last Friday.

since
for
since
since
since
for
PUT THE VERBS INTO THE CORRECT
FORM (PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE).
1. Since classes began, I (have, not)_____ much free time. I (have)____ several big tests
to study for.
2. The science of medicine (advance)______ a great deal in the 19
th
century.
3. We (have)_____ three major snowstorms so far this winter. I wonder how many more
we will have.
4. I (write)______ them three times, but I havent received a reply.
5. The telephone (ring)_________ four times in the last hours, and each time it has
been for my office mate.
6. A: What are you going to order for dinner?
B: Well, I (have, never)________ vegetarian pizza, so I think Ill order that.
7. Bill (be)_________ here since 22
nd
.
8. So far this week, I (have)_________ two tests and a quiz.
9. Alex is an artist. He (draw)______ many beautiful pictures in his lifetime.
10. Fatima (see, never)_________ snow in her entire lifetime.

Choose the correct answer.


Peter ........never
watched Maja bee.
A) had
B) have
C) has
D) none of these


Peter ........ has
never watched
Maja Bee.

Congratulations!
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How about this?


Lidka hasnt ........to
Majorka yet.
A) had
B) seen
C) drove
D) none of these

None of these
Lidka hasnt been
to Majorka .
Precisely!
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Try the next question.


....you ever smoked?
A) has
B) do
C) have
D) none of these


Have you ever
smoked?

Good!
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Choose the correct answer again.


She hasnt ..........the
dinner already.
A) cooks
B) cooked
C) make
D) none of these


She hasnt cooked
the dinner already

Very well!
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Can you do this one ?


He hasnt ........ a shower
today.
A) take
B) took
C) taked
D) none of these

None of these
He hasnt taken a
shower today.

Well done!
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Try this one !


...........Joan ever...........a
shark?
A) has J. eat
B) does J. eaten
C) has J. eaten
D) none of these


Has Joan ever eaten
a shark?


Not bad! Keep on
trying
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Choose the correct answer one
more time.




She has ........ a man.
A) never kiss
B) ever kissed
C) just kisses
D) none of these
None of these
She has never
kissed a man.



Of course, you are
right !
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Choose the correct answer.
..........you ever .........
your head ?
A) have..........lost
B) do............lose
C) did...........lose
D) none of these



Have you ever lost
your head ?

Right again!
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Choose the best answer again !

Tom and Arthur
........................a dog so
far.
A) dont buy
B) hasnt bought
C) havent bought
D) didnt buy

Tom and Arthur
havent bought a dog
so far.



Excellent!
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Whats the right answer now?

.................Peter and Mat
............... abroad before?

Has..............been
Have............seen
Have............been
None of these
Have Peter and
Mat been abroad
before ?
You are absolutely
right !
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Why dont you
test yourself again?
What action can you describe with the
Present Perfect?
How do you form it ?
What time expressions can you use with
the Present Perfect?
Whats the difference between the
Present Perfect and the Simple Past ?



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