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PERCEPTION

WHAT IS PERCEPTION
The study of perception is concerned with
identifying the process through which we interpret
and organize sensory information to produce our
conscious experience of objects and object
relationship
Perception is the process of receiving information
and making sense of the world around us
FEATURES OF PERCEPTION
Intellectual process
Physiological process



FACTORS INFLUENCING PERCEPTION
1. Factors with in the perceiver
2. Factors in the target perceived
3. Context

PERCEPTUAL PROCESS

Sensation and
Selection
Interpretation
Organisation
1.Sensation
An individuals ability to detect
stimuli in the immediate
environment.
2.Selection
The process a person uses to
eliminate some of the stimuli that
have been sensed and to retain
others for further processing.

3.Organization
The process of placing selected
perceptual stimuli into a
framework for storage.
4.Translation
The stage of the perceptual
process at which stimuli are
interpreted and given meaning.

PERCEPTUAL GROUPING
Our tendency to group several individual stimuli into
a meaningful and recognizable pattern.

It is very basic in nature and largely it seems to be
inborn.

Some factors underlying grouping are
-continuity
-closure
-proximity
-similarity





ATTRIBUTION THEORY
It determines whether an individuals behavior is internally
(Personal ) or externally caused (Situational).

Three Major factors :-
a) Distinctiveness
b) Consensus
c) Consistency

a) Distinctiveness : refers to whether an individual
displays different behaviors in different situations.
b) Consensus : Similar response by everyone for similar
situations.
c) Consistency : Same response over time
FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR
Errors or biases that distorts attributions.
The tendency to underestimate the external factors
and overestimate influence of internal factors when
making judgments about the behavior of others
HOW DO YOU JUDGE OTHERS ?
1. Selective perception
2. Halo effect
3. Contrast effects
4. Stereotyping
5. Profiling

Selective Perception
People selectively interpret what they see on the basis of their
interests, background, experience, and attitudes.
Halo Effect
Drawing a general impression about an individual on the
basis of a single characteristic

Contrast Effects
Evaluation of a persons characteristics that are affected by
comparisons with other people recently encountered who
rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.
Stereotyping
Judging someone on the basis of ones perception of the
group to which that person belongs.

APPLICATIONS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Employment Interviews
Perceptual judgments of interviewer can be inaccurate.
Performance Expectations
Individuals behavior is determined by other peoples
expectations
Performance Evaluations
Evaluation which are subjective can be inaccurate.


THANK YOU

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