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Introduction
zForce is Neonode Incs innovative optical 2D touch technology.
zForce is an abbreviation for zero force necessary
It gives a number of major advantages compared with traditional touch
technologies, like capacitive or resistive.
With zForce, any type of screen or display can be used.
In fact, zForce works with any surface flat, round or any other shape.
Another advantage is that any type of object can be used a finger or a
stylus, a car key, fingernails, gloves and ordinary pens.
Development History
Childhood friends Magnus Goertz and Thomas Eriksson founded Neonode in
2001 with the intent of creating a brand new type of mobile phone.

The first prototype was launched at the German IT-fair CeBit in March 2002 and
yielded quite a bit of attention.

Using their two patented technologies, zForce and Neno, Neonode AB had
developed three mobile phone models: N1, N1m and N2.

In November 2008, the company attempted issue equity, but failed. On
December 9, 2008, Neonode declared bankruptcy.

The company was immediately started up again by Thomas Eriksson.
The Neonode N2 mobile phone,2007
N1m,Launched in 2005
Cont..
The business of the parent company Neonode Inc and Neonode Technologies AB, located
in Sweden, which is the R&D headquarters.

In 2009, the company released an updated version of the touch-technology zForce (zero
force).

In 2010 the new product concepts ClearTouch and SAT (Selected Area Touch) were
introduced, both based on the update zForce version.

The same year, Sony launched their e-reader based on the zForce technology.

In 2010, zForce was awarded the title "Best New Technology of the Year" by the
magazine Mobil.

The technology has been developed since 2011 and is now implemented into a variety of
touch devices such as tablets and automotive appliances.
E-ink technology
E-ink technology allows the text to be readable even under direct sunlight.

It has ultra-low power consumption, and is not as strenuous to the eyes almost
like a real book.

Unfortunately, e-ink screens by themselves are not touch-sensitive.

That is why some people are drawn to tablet pcs that enhance the reading
experience by adding touch features.

But they dont offer the benefits of e-ink mentioned above.

e-ink screen
in outdoor
Tab screen
in outdoor

vs
Thats where optical touch screen
technologies will come in handy.

zForce
Basic Concept
zForce technology is based
on light fields.

As the light is interrupted by
fingers or objects, the system
notes the position.

Other objects than fingers
are therefore possible to use,
since the screen responds to
any type of material.

Working Principle
zForce consists of a set of infrared emitters and detectors, an optical light guide,
control electronics and control software.

The emitters pulse infrared light just above the touch surface.

A change in detected light indicates an object touch.

By combining the measured value from more than one detector, the touch
position and object size are calculated.

The output from zForce can be used to identify actions such as gestures and
sweeps.







Imagine a bezel surrounding the screen.
This bezel contains pairs of LEDs and
photoreceptors (represented by the red
and yellow dots in the image above)
aligned on opposite sides of the frame.







Pulses of infrared light are emitted from
the LED to the photoreceptors,
effectively forming a matrix as shown.
Thus, when you touch the
screen with your finger, it
gets in the way of one or
more infrared beams.
This allows the system to
determine the X and Y
coordinates where the
obstruction took place.
The same thing happens
when we use either a
stylus or another object
like the side of a card.
A plastic light guide is located under the bezel
on top of the display. It serves to reflect and
focus light are shown attached to an around
the zforce display.

The zforce Technology pulses an infrared light
across the screen at a rate of up to 120 times a
second so the grid is continuously refreshed.

As the users fingers move across the screen,
the grids coordinates where the screen is
touched are converted into mathematical
algorithms in a process that is unique to
Neonode .

The Company holds patents worldwide related
to the zforce architecture and input method.
in addition
zForce has a touch resolution of 250 DPI which enables precision writing with
thin objects such as a pen or a stylus.

zForce is developed for operating temperatures ranging from -40C to +85C
which enables usage in very harsh environments.

The control software includes, among other functions, advanced algorithms
which calibrate the system by adjusting the power to the emitters.

Compensations are made for dust and other small particles on the surface as
well as for variation in component quality and ambient light conditions.

Calibration is carried out continuously during normal operation and no extra
calibration is necessary (either in production or by the end-user).
Advantages
It does not require a glass overlay.
This translates to better light
transmission and subsequently better
display quality.
It does not require any force.
It supports interactions using a finger,
a stylus, or even a gloved hand. Most
capacitive touch screens cannot
function when you use a stylus or a
gloved hand.
Since it leaves the e-ink display as is,
all the benefits associated with an e-
ink display is retained.
Other not-so-obvious benefits include the following:

It is cheaper than capacitive touch screen solutions
It supports multi-touch
It consumes minimal power
It is not sensitive to Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) or
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
It is able to provide high resolutions.

Conclusion
Optical touch screens like zForce technology offer a cheaper and more
versatile alternative to more popular touchscreens like resistive and
capacitive types. Neonode zForce is set to replace capacitive touch
screens. Back to using infrared bezel sensing touchscreens of the past.
Neonode has already licensed zForce to companies that include Sony
and Barnes & Noble. So, we can expect to see this technology
implemented into the next generation of phones, tablets and e-readers.
References
http://www.neonode.com/zforce/
http://www.displayplus.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=32088
http://www.engadget.com/2012/03/02/neonode-zforce-uses-
infrared-leds-to-measure-pressure-replace-c/
http://techenlist.com/?p=162
Video
Youtube: Neonode zForce - bringing touch technology to life

Thank You
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