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Profile
gradient
• Study distribution of organisms
influenced by factors related
to height
• E.g. light intensity, wind exposure,
wave action
• Measured by 2 ranging poles, nylon
thread and a spirit level
• The poles held upright at Y’ and Y”
on a slope
• The thread attached at X’ and X”
• Use the spirit level to find whether
the stick is horizontal
• Gradient= vertical distance/
horizontal distance
gradient
between Y’ and Y”
= X”Y” - X’Y’
X’X”
Mangrove Plants
Aegiceras corniculatum
桐花樹
1.Short evergreen tree with
flowers
2.Widely distributed at the outer
fringe of mangroves
3.Veins of leaves are cleared than
Kandelia candel
4.The branches are little bit red
5.Leaves have salt glands so salt
secreted are often seen on the
surface of leaves
6.Cable roots spread horizontally
and laterally just below the soil
surface to anchor the plant firmly
7.Have knee joint and prop root
8.Flowers open like a umbrella
9.Have droppers to produce seeds
that germinate inside
Avicennia marina
白骨壤
1.Pioneers species of tree
2. In front of taller mangrove
plants in sub-littoral zone
3. Have aerial roots which can
grow even higher than the crown
so that thy can still breathe at
high tides
4. Cable root spread horizontally
and laterally just below the soil
surface to anchor the plant firmly
5. Leaves have salt glands so salt
secreted are often seen on the
surface of leaves
6. Back of the leaves can reflect
sunlight
7. Leaves are thick and waxy
8. Tree bark is pale grey in colour
Kandelia candel
秋茄 ( 水筆仔 )
1. at the inner fringe of
mangroves
欖李
1.locate near the coastal area
2.leaf facing upward
3. cleavage found in tip of the leaf
Kite Diagram
On the space below the
profile, draw a kite
diagram to show the
distribution and
abundance of animals.
-a line along which organism are counted and measured
-Line transect: selection of a straight line along the ground in the area of study
-Belt transect: selection of a strip of terrain with a fixed width along the habitat
- selection of a straight line along the ground in the
area of study to study the species touching the
line