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  • Water Hammer Effects and Control Methods

    Загружено:

    Ah Leng Lau
    703 просмотров13 страниц
    Water hammer is caused by sudden changes in steady state flow conditions in pipes, such as closing valves, starting or stopping pumps, or pipe bursts. This causes pressure surges that can damage pipes and equipment. Methods for controlling water hammer include using pipe materials better able to withstand pressure changes, increasing pump inertia to slow pressure changes, and installing surge vessels, air valves, open surge tanks, or surge control valves to absorb excess pressure.

    Исходное описание:

    A general presentation about water hammer caused by pumps

    Оригинальное название

    Water Hammer Presentation

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    Water hammer is caused by sudden changes in steady state flow conditions in pipes, such as closing valves, starting or stopping pumps, or pipe bursts. This causes pressure surges that can damage pipes and equipment. Methods for controlling water hammer include using pipe materials better able to withstand pressure changes, increasing pump inertia to slow pressure changes, and installing surge vessels, air valves, open surge tanks, or surge control valves to absorb excess pressure.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PPT, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    703 просмотров13 страниц

    Water Hammer Effects and Control Methods

    Загружено:

    Ah Leng Lau
    Water hammer is caused by sudden changes in steady state flow conditions in pipes, such as closing valves, starting or stopping pumps, or pipe bursts. This causes pressure surges that can damage pipes and equipment. Methods for controlling water hammer include using pipe materials better able to withstand pressure changes, increasing pump inertia to slow pressure changes, and installing surge vessels, air valves, open surge tanks, or surge control valves to absorb excess pressure.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PPT, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 13

    WATER HAMMER

    (Hydraulic Transient / Surge)



    Surge
    Electricity/ Magnetic Flux
    Fluid Gases
    Fluid - Water

    Surge -Water
    Open Channel
    Sea - Tsunami
    Pipes Water Hammer

    WATER HAMMER IS CAUSED BY
    CHANGES IN STEADY STATE
    (FLOW) CONDITION.
    Closure of Valves.
    Pump Start / Stop.
    Pipe Burst
    Load acceptance/rejection (Turbine)

    Water Hammer caused by
    Sudden Pump Stops
    Q
    0
    1
    Q
    0
    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)
    Q=0

    2
    Q
    0
    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)
    Q=0

    3
    Q
    0
    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)
    Q=0

    Q=0

    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)

    4
    Q=0

    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)
    Q=0

    Q=0

    Pressure drop
    (Down Surge)

    5
    Q

    Q=0

    Q=0

    Pressure recover
    6
    Q

    Pressure increase
    Up Surge
    Q=0

    7
    Q

    Pressure increase
    Up Surge
    Q=0

    8
    Q

    Pressure increase
    Up Surge
    Q=0

    9
    Q

    Pressure increase
    Up Surge
    Q=0

    Q=0

    10
    Q=0

    Pressure increase
    Up Surge
    Q=0

    11
    Q

    Pressure recover
    Q=0

    12
    Q

    Pressure Recover
    Q=0

    13
    Effect of Water Hammer
    (Surge Pressures)
    High Up Surge Pressures
    Low Down Surge Pressures


    METHODS FOR CONTROLLING
    WATER HAMMER
    Pipe Material
    Pump Inertia
    Surge Vessel
    Air Valves
    Open Surge Tank
    Surge Valve

    P2*V2
    1
    P1V1
    n
    =K
    PIPE MATERIAL
    P2*V2
    2
    P1V1
    n
    =K
    P2*V2
    3
    P1V1
    n
    =K
    P2*V2
    4
    P1V1
    n
    =K
    PUMP INERTIA
    Reservoir
    NRV closed in 1 second
    1 2
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 3.5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1450
    3
    SURGE VESSEL
    bypass
    Suction tank
    NRV
    1 2
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 3.5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1450
    3
    AIR VALVES
    Reservoir
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1485
    Vacuum Relief and Air Release Valves
    1 2
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 3.5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1450
    3
    OPEN SURGE TANK

    non-return valve
    Raw Water
    Pump
    Aerator
    3m x 3m x 2m deep
    Open surge tank
    1 2
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 3.5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1450
    3
    SURGE CONTROL VALVE
    Reservoir
    Pump
    Gr
    2
    = 5kg-m
    2
    Speed =1485
    Pressure relief valve
    (set to open at 100m pressure)
    1 2 3

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