Essential reading:

SPINI, A., An English Textbook For Marine

Engineers I., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2008.
LUZER, J., SPINI, A., Gramatika vjebenica
engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet,
Rijeka 2003.
Tomislav Skrai, MA
Undergraduate English
Course for
MARINE ENGINEERS
2nd Semester
KEY WORDS

spontaneous combustion - samozapaljenje
at a graduated rate - stupnjevanom koliinom / brzinom
a wide range - irok raspon / izbor
regarding - s obzirom na
with regard to - s obzirom na
feature (n.) - znaajka, kvaliteta, osobina
operating cyclus - radni ciklus
invariably - nepromijenjivo, redovito
in-line engine = L-engine - redni motor, L-motor (s cilindrima
poredanim u red)
V-engine = Vee engine - V-motor (s cilindrima sloenim u 2 reda
pod kutem)
single-acting engine - jednoradni motor
double-acting engine - dvoradni motor
opposed-piston engine - motor s protuhodnim klipovima
DIESEL ENGINES
KEY WORDS

trunk-piston engine - klipni motor (bez krine glave)
crosshead engine - motor s krinom glavom
direct coupled engine = direct drive engine - motor s
neposrednim pogonom propelera, bez reduktora
geared engine = indirect drive engine - motor s
posrednim pogonom propelera, s reduktorom
reduction gearing - reduktor
shafting (n.) - osovinski sustav
clockwise - u smjeru kazaljke na satu
anticlockwise / counterclockwise - obrnuto smjeru
kazaljke na satu
direct-reversible engine - direktno-prekretni motor
non-reversible engine / unidirectional engine -
neprekretni motor
DIESEL ENGINES
The diesel engine is a compression
ignition engine = a type of engine in
which air is compressed to a pressure
sufficient enough to produce a high
temperature for spontaneous combustion
of the fuel injected into the cylinder at the
graduated rate.
DIESEL ENGINES
Rudolf Diesel
(1858 1913) was a German inventor and
mechanical engineer, famous for the invention of
the Diesel engine.
DIESEL ENGINES
The diesel engine underwent much development
and became a very important replacement for the
steam piston engine in many applications.
Because the diesel engine required a heavier,
more robust construction than a gasoline
engine, it was not widely used in aviation. The
diesel engine became widespread in many other
applications, however, such as stationary engines,
submarines, ships, and much later, locomotives,
trucks, and in modern automobiles. Diesel
engines are most often found in applications
where a high torque requirement and low RPM
requirement exist.
DIESEL ENGINES
1. OPERATING CYCLE
2. CYLINDER ARRANGEMENT
3. PISTON ACTION
4. PISTON CONNECTION
5. ENGINE SPEED
6. ENGINE DRIVE
TYPES OF
DIESEL ENGINES
There are
various types
and designs of
marine diesel
engines,
mainly
regarding the
following
features:

Cylinder
Cylinder head
Fuel injector
Exhaust valve gear
Turbocharger
Piston
Piston pin (Gudgeon pin)
Connecting rod
Crosshead

Crankshaft
Crankcase
Main bearings
Bedplate
Lube oil system
Cooling water system

According to the action of the piston:

Single-acting engine
One side of the piston and one end of the cylinder are
used to develop power

Double-acting engine
Both sides of the piston and both cylinder ends are used
to develop power

Opposed-piston engine
Combustion occurs in the middle of the cylinder, between
two pistons travelling in opposite directions
Considering the way the piston is attached
to the upper end of the connecting rod:
According to the speed:

Slow-speed engine
runs below 200 revolutions per minute

Medium-speed engine
between 200-750 rev/min

High-speed engine
above 750 rpm
According to the direction of rotation:

Direct-reversible engine
designed to rotate in either the clockwise and
anticlockwise direction

Non-reversible / Unidirectional engine
not made to run in the opposite direction
With regard to the
arrangement of the cylinders
there are two designs:
a)In-line engine / L-engine
cylinders are placed vertically in line




b) V-engine / Vee engine
cylinders are placed at angles in two
separate planes or banks
In-line engine

Vee engine
According to the way the main engine is
joined to the shafting:
Direct-coupled engine
coupled directly to the propeller shafting = direct drive

Geared engine
coupled to a reduction gearing (gearbox) = indirect drive
According to the
cycle of operation:
Two-stroke engine
the cycle (injection
exhaust scavenge
compression) is completed
in two strokes of the piston
or one revolution of
the crankshaft
Four-stroke engine
the cycle is completed in four strokes of the
piston or one revolution of the crankshaft
a) The diesel is defined as a compression ignition
engine. What does it mean?
b) What is a main engine and what an auxiliary?
c) What do the terms direct drive and indirect
drive refer to?
d) How may engines be classed according to
speed?
e) What are undirectional engines?
The diesel engine is a type of external
combustion engine where the fuel,which
contains chemical energy, is burned in a special
combustion chamber.
In diesel engines combustion occurs in the
cylinder either by compression or spark.
High-speed engines are direct-drive engines.
The pistons of single-acting engines have one
end closed and one end open.
Diesel generators are directly reversible.
Slow-speed engines allow direct coupling to the
propeller shafting.
The crosshead engine design reduces the
engine height and the number of working parts.
Rudolf Diesel was burried in Pula.