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GEOSYNTHETICS IN

ROAD CONSTRUCTION
S.Jaswant Kumar
Chief General Manager (Planning and Quality)
National Highways Authority Of India
Introduction
Geosynthetic-Overview
Geosynthetics Applications
Impediments
Suggestions

Geosynthetics
Modern civil engineering construction
materials
Modify/Improve soil/geologic material
behaviour
Developed/Synthesized for specific
function or application in construction
More than 1billion sq m annual use
Geosynthetics The wide variety
Geotextiles Woven, non-woven Filter
fabrics
Geogrids
Geomembranes
Geocomposites
Geonets, Geofibres,mesh mattings,
Geopipes, Geotubes.

Woven or Knitted Geotextiles
Non-woven Geotextile
Uniaxial Geogrid
BIAXIAL GEO GRID
Woven or Welded Geogrids
Geonets
Geocomposites
Geosynthetics composition

Polypropylene
H D P E
Polyester
PVC
Synthetic Rubber
Natural fibres Jute, coir

COIR GEOTEXTILES
Geosynthetics the functions
Separation
Drainage
Filtration
Reinforcement
Moisture barrier
Cushion
Separation function
Drainage function
Filtration function
Reinforcement function
REINFORCEMENT FUNCTION
Geomembrane Seepage Barrier
Lateral Restraint
Bearing Capacity Increase
Membrane Tension Support






GEOCELL MATRESS UNDER
EMBANKMENT ON SOFT SOIL
Geocell in the making

Geotextile wrapping of Geocell
Concrete Facia Panels for GRS
Wall
Erosion Control Blanket
Design Requirements for
Asphalt Pavements
Grid Locations for Asphalt
reinforcement
Reflection Cracking
Locate near to
existing discontinuity
Mechanistic design
method still evolving
Stiff geogrid best
Geotextile can
waterproof
Rutting in Overlays
Locate where
strains are largest;
mid-depth
Increase in life to
critical rut of three
times
Requires stiff
geogrid

GLASS GRID UNDER OVER LAY
ROAD WIDENING
bitumen emulsion layer
GLASS GRID
Overlay
ROAD WIDENING
Other Applications in Highways
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls
Reinforced soil slopes
Subsurface Drainage systems-trench
drains, strip drains
Stabilising canal road systems in
expansive soil regions.
PVD.

Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil
Wall
Geosynthetic Band drains
Impediments
Most of the Geosynthetics are imported.
Test Methodology they adopt is from country of
origin.
Test could be of:-
International standards (ISO TC221 Geosynthetics).
European Standards (CFN TC Geosynthetics).
German Standards DIN textiles norms.
British Standards BS
American Standards ASTM.
Very few Indian Standards.
specifications
Specifications are from international
organizations.
AASHO.
British Textile Technology Group - BTTG.
DGGT- EBGEO, Germany.
Geosynthetics Research Institute, USA
Presence of large number of test methods &
specifications are a matter of concern and
confusion.
Need for Testing
Index Testing-Basic Properties of Products
Quality control tests- Rapid testing to
assure continuity of equality.
Performance testing- Testing of
Geosynthetics in contact with soil under
standard conditions in the lab to provide
better simulation of site conditions. Also in
full scale on site.
R&D FACILITIES
Available R&D facilities:-
IITs, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai.
BTRA
CRRI
CCRI, Coir Board
SASMIRA
Manufacturers Lab.


R&D FACILITIES
The existing Labs may have excellent facilities
but
May not necessarily have all relevant
facilities for test house.
May not maintain ambient temperature and
humidity as required by ISO (21 2C &65%).
May not have necessary Grips for all varieties
of Geosynthetics.
May not have skilled/Trained Technicians.
Not accredited.
SUGGESTIONS
Need for establishing national organisation to
address the problems.
Role:-
1) Functions as a Geosynthetics test house.
i. QC checking at the place of manufacturer.
ii. Property assessment of the product for the
designer.
iii. 3
rd
party quality control testing of product.
iv. Testing & evaluation for product certifications.
v. Testing for R&D needs.



SUGGESTIONS
2) Render advice to the industry & Govt.
3) Organise short refresher & training
programs.
4) Develop laison with all specifying dept.
like BIS, IRC & International institutions.
Immediate Standardization of
specifications, test procedures.
Code on the lines of BS 8006.

THANK YOU

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