CLASSIFICATION OF CONDENSERS

1. DIRECT CONTACT CONDENSERS

a) Spray Condensers
b) Barometric condensers
c) Jet Condensers

2. SURFACE CONDENSERS

a) Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
SPRAY CONDENSER
Cooling water is sprayed into the steam

Steam directly mixing with cold water and
gets condensed
BAROMETRIC CONDENSER
Cooling water is made to fall in a series of
baffles to expose large surface area for the
steam fed from below to come in direct
contact
The steam condenses and the mixture falls in
a tail pipe to the hot well
SURFACE CONDENSERS
Most commonly used in power plants

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Cooling water flows through the tubes and steam
condenses outside the tubes

CLASSIFICATION OF COOLING TOWER
1. NATURAL DRAUGHT COOLING TOWER

2. MECHANICAL DRAUGHT COOLING TOWER

These types of towers are used only by utility power stations.

Use very large concrete chimneys to introduce air through the media

Generally used for water flow rates above 45,000 m
3
/hr.

There are no blowers to move air through the tower

Water enters the tower from the top and is cooled as the water falls to
the bottom

Some water evaporates in the process, helping to cool the remaining
water in the tower
Use a fan or blower to move air through the tower

As the water falls through the tower, air is moved across it to aid in
the cooling process

Can be located almost anywhere

The fan is cycled on and off to maintain the desired water temperature

Forced draft Air is pushed through the tower

Induced draft Air is pulled through the tower

mechanical draft cooling towers are much more widely used