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Variables in Health
Care
Luqman Effendi
Dept.of Public Health
FKK-UMJ
1. Empathy
An attempt to feel with another
person, to understand the other’s
feeling from the other’s point of view
The focus is on the client with the
problem
Empathy is observing the world from
another person’s point of view
Empathy is not sympathy
Conceptual Framework of
Empathy
A Rogerian framework
– Empathy involves cognitive, affective, and communication
components
An interpersonal perception framework
– E is thought of as a perceptual process
– E is seen as a general ability that all people have in
varying degree
A personality framework
– An empathic person is one who displays a relatively high
degree of understanding of another person
A perceived empathy framework
– Perceived empathy is one individuals belief or feeling that
another individual perceives his or her perspective
accurately
MESSAGE RECEIVER
SOURCE
CHANNEL
Interaction
Helper/Therapist Helpee/Client
Control Problem
Orientation
Strategy
Spontaneity
Neutrality
Empathy
Superiority
Equality
Certainty
Provisionalism
Self-Disclosure/
Keterbukaan
Merupakan hal yang sangat penting
dalam membangun hubungan
interpersonal
Tingkat keterbukaan yang sangat
tinggi dan sangat rendah
menyebabkan keterbukaan didalam
setiap individu menjadi tidak sehat
Keterbukaan secara spesifik
merupakan komunikasi
kebersamaan
High
Moderate
adjustment
Personality
Low
Levels of self-disclosure
Moderate
Low
Levels of self-disclosure