Structures E3 & S3

Tutorial 2 - Moment Distribution

for structures subjected to sway
Jinyan Wang

Date or reference

Moment distribution sway frames

The solution is obtained in two parts
1)No sway introduce a PROP at the level of the beam to
prevent sway
2)Sway correction the actual loading is removed and an
arbitrary swaying force is applied at the level of the beam, which
is subsequently adjusted to eliminate the PROP force
Final moments
= propped moments + arbitrary sway moments sway
correction factor
W
1

PROP

WS

No sway

Prop force
WS

Arbitrary sway

Tutorial question 5

4kN/m

5m

B(2 I )

Temporary
prop

A(I )

Relative stiffness
EI 1
2 EI 1
EI 1
iA
, iB
, ic

5 5
6
3
3 3
Distribution factors

D21

1
2m

3m

10k
N

10k
N

4
C (I )

2m

2m

1
5

K 21
3
0.375

1
1 8
K2
4 4

5
3
1
4
5
3
0.625
D23
1
1 8
4 4
5
3
1
4
4
K
3
0.571
D32 32
1
1 7
K3
4 3
3
3

D34

1
3

1
1
4 3
3
3

3
0.429
7

Tutorial question 5

4kN/m

5m

B(2 I )

3m

10k
N

10k
N

4
C (I )

Temporary
prop

A(I )

1
2m

2m

2m

Fixed end moments

2
25
qL2 4 5
M F 12 M F 21

8.33kNm
12
12
3
M F 23 M F 32

10
40
Pab 2
2 2 2 42 4 22
13.33kNm
L
6
3

Tutorial question 5
Moment distribution propped
Distribution factor
Fixed end moments
First
distribution
Carry over
moments
Second
distribution
Carry over
moments
Third
distribution
Carry over
moments
Total moment

1
-8.33

0.37
5
8.33

0.625

0.571 0.429

-13.33

13.33

1.87

3.13

-7.61

-3.81

1.57

2.38

-0.90

0.94
1.43
0.72
0.17
0.09

-6.67

11.80

-0.45

1.19

0.28

-0.68

-0.34

0.14

-11.80

6.90

0
-5.72

-0.67

-0.51

-6.90

Tutorial question 5
Prop force
1
-6.67

Total moment

-11.80

6.90

6.67
H1

H1

qL 11.8 6.67

2
5

4 5 5.13

8.97kN
2
5

-6.90

4kN/m

4kN/m

11.80

5m

11.80

H4

Pro
p

H1

3m

H4

6.90
3

6.9
H4
2.3
3

Prop force
=

qL H1 H 4

4 5 8.97 2.3 13.33kN

Tutorial question 5
Arbitrary sway

3m

4
3

5m

Let

EI 25 3 75

6 EI
6 EI
6
M 12 M 21 2 2 EI 18kNm
L
5
25

M 34

3EI 3EI 1
2 2 EI 25kNm
L
3
3

Tutorial question 5
Moment distribution - arbitrary
sway
M 12 M 21 18kNm M 34 25kNm

Distribution factor
Fixed end moments
First
distribution
Carry over
moments
Second
distribution
Carry over
moments
Third
distribution
Carry over
moments
Fourth
distribution
Carry over
moments
Total moment

1
-18

2
0.37
5
-18

0.625

6.75

11.25

3.38
2.68
1.34
0.60
0.30
0.24
0.12

-12.98

-7.73

0.571 0.429
0
-14.27

-7.14

5.63

4.46

-3.21

-1.61

2.23

1.01

-1.27

-0.64

0.51

0.4

-0.29

-0.15

0.20

7.73

-10.67

25

-10.73

-2.42

-0.96

-0.22

10.67

Tutorial question 5
Sway force
1
-12.98

Total moment

2
-7.73

3
7.73

-10.67

5m

7.73
12.98

12.98 7.73
H1
4.14kN
5

Sway force
1

H4
H4

3m

H4

H1

10.67
3

10.67

10.67
3.56kN
3

H1

Sway force H1 H 4 4.14 3.56 7.70kN

=

Tutorial question 5
Sway Correction Factor

3m

Prop force

4kN/m

5m

10k
N

10k
N

7.70kNm

1
2m

Sway force

1.73

13.33kNm
2m

2m

Sway Correction
Factor =

2m

2m

Prop force 13.33

1.73
Sway force 7.70

3m

2m

Tutorial question 5
Moment - Propped
Moment propped

1
-6.67

2
11.80

3
-11.80

4
-6.90

6.90

Moment Arbitrary sway

Moment Arbitrary
sway

1
-12.98

2
-7.73

Sway Correction Factor =

1.73
Moment Propped
1.73 Moment Arbitrary
sway
Moment Corrected
Final Moment

3
7.73

10.67

-10.67

4
0

1
-6.67

11.80

-11.80

6.90

-6.90

-12.98

-7.73

7.73

-10.67

10.67

-22.46

-13.37

13.37

-18.46

18.46

0
0

-29.13

-1.57

1.57

-11.56 11.56

Tutorial question 5

4kN/m

5m

10k
N

10k
N

3m

1.57
11.56

1
2m

2m

20

2m

20

11.56

4 52
12.5
8

29.13

Final moment

1
-29.13

2
-1.57

1.57

(kNm)

3
-11.56 11.56

4
0