Mobile Network Evolution

1G
Analogue
2G
Digital
2.5G
Packet Data
2.75G
Enhanced Data
NMT
TACS
AMPS
GSM
CDMA
TDMA
GPRS
EDGE
CDMA 1X
WCDMA
TD-SCDMA
cdma2000
1X EV-DO
2M, 14M
2M
2.4M
384K
144K
1982-1996+ 1992-2002+ 2001+ 2004+ 2002-2004+
115K
A Third Generation of Mobile Systems: What for?
A Third Generation of Mobile Systems: What for?
Concepts of 3G - Mobiles
Voice & Music phone
Mobile Audio Video
Communicator
PC / PDA PCMCIA card
Standardization Bodies
T1 ETSI TTC / ARIB TTA CWTS TIA
= 3GPP2
Standardisation of 3G cellular networks
ITU (Global guidelines and recommendations)
IMT-2000: Global standard for third generation (3G) wireless communications
3GPP is a co-operation between standardisation bodies
ETSI (Europe), ARIB/TTC (Japan), CCSA (China), ATIS (North America) and TTA (South Korea)
GSM
EDGE
UMTS
WCDMA - FDD
WCDMA - TDD
TD-SCDMA
3GPP2 is a co-operation between standardisation bodies
ARIB/TTC (Japan), CCSA (China), TIA (North America) and TTA (South Korea)
CDMA2000
CDMA2000 1x
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO

2 Mbit/s 384 kbit/s 144 kbit/s
Indoor
low mobility
Urban
reduced mobility
Rural outdoor
high mobility
Variable bit rate capability
Variable Quality Of Service (BER, delay)
Support of asymmetric traffic
Service multiplexing
High spectrum efficiency
European objective: ensure compatibility with GSM
3GPP Objectives
Added Value of UMTS
Mobile Networks and Data Services
2G Mobile
3G (UMTS)
3.5G or 3G+ (HSDPA and HSUPA)
2.5G (GPRS)
2.75G (EDGE)
3G Mobile
LTE
WiMAX
HSDPA
UMTS
EDGE
GPRS
160kbps
384Kbps
2Mbps *
14.4Mbps *
75Mbps *
100Mbps ? *
* : Per cell bandwidth (not per user)
WiMAX ("3G" or "4G" depending on manufacturer)
Future: 4G (LTE)
HSUPA 5.7Mbps *
Maximum Theoretical Bandwidth
UMTS QoS class



NRT Data Call
Background Class
PS Data Call
Interactive Class
PS Data Call
Streaming Class
PS Data Call
Conversational Class
CS Data Call
CS Data Call CS Voice Call
CS Call
RT Data Call
PS Call
Call
QoS Traffic Classes
QoS Traffic Classes
Traffic class Characteristics Example
application
Conversational Preserve time relation between
information entities of the stream.
Conversational pattern (stringent
and low delay)
Speech
Video calls
Streaming Preserve time relation between
information entities of the stream.
Real-time
streaming
video
Interactive Request-response pattern.
Preserve payload content.
Web
browsing
Background Destination is not expecting the
data within a certain time.
Preserve payload content.
E-mail
File
downloading
Demanding
Delay
Jitter
Demanding
Bit rate
Jitter
Tolerant
Delay and bit rate
can vary
Integrity
Easiest
Delay and bit rate
can vary
Integrity

QoS for different services

QoS Differentiation
Conversational RAB
Streaming RAB
Interactive RAB
Interactive RAB
Background RAB
MMS
Web
browsing
Push-to-talk
Streaming
Video
telephony
Each service gets the treatment it requires according to the QoS profile
Network resources are shared according to the service needs
Network resources can be used more efficiently
UMTS Network Structure
GSM /GPRS BSS
BTS
BSC
PCU


SS7
SCP
SMS
SCE
PSTN/other PLMN
Internet,
Intranet
MSC/VLR GMSC
HLR/AUC
SGSN
CG
BG
GGSN
PS backbone
Other PLMN
CS domain
PS domain
NodeB
RNC
UTRAN
Iu-CS
Iu-PS
A
G
b
GERAN
WCDMA Interfaces
A Interface






A-bis






Um






MSC
BSC
BTS
UE
SGSN
Gb






GSM
Iub






Uu






MSC
RNC
NodeB
UE
SGSN
Iu-PS






Iu-CS






Iub






Uu






RNC
NodeB
UE
Iur






WCDMA
UTRAN
BSS
GERAN
Radio Network Interfaces
Iu
Iu PS
Connection to the packet switched core network domain
SGSN/GGSN
Iu CS
Connection to the circuit switched core network domain
MSC
Protocol RANAP
Iur
RNC interconnection
[eg: for SHO support ]
Protocol RNSAP
Iub
Connection for the RBS to the RNC
Protocol NBAP
Uu
Air Interface to the UE
Protocol RRC, RLC, MAC


Core Network
RNC
RNC
Iu
Iur
Iub
Uu
Node
B
Node
B
Node
B
UE
Thank you