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All microbes need sources of energy and carbon source of energy Chemical compounds (Chemotrophs) Utilize processes including glycolysis, TCA (Krebs) cycle, cytochrome chain. Aerobic microbes can be: - Aerobic - anaerobic - Facultative - Microaerophilic (5-10%) - Aerotolerant.
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BIOL1262- Lecture 3-Metabolic and Nutritional Diversity of Microorganisms 1
All microbes need sources of energy and carbon source of energy Chemical compounds (Chemotrophs) Utilize processes including glycolysis, TCA (Krebs) cycle, cytochrome chain. Aerobic microbes can be: - Aerobic - anaerobic - Facultative - Microaerophilic (5-10%) - Aerotolerant.
All microbes need sources of energy and carbon source of energy Chemical compounds (Chemotrophs) Utilize processes including glycolysis, TCA (Krebs) cycle, cytochrome chain. Aerobic microbes can be: - Aerobic - anaerobic - Facultative - Microaerophilic (5-10%) - Aerotolerant.
diversity of microorganisms Bacterial growth Carbon and energy metabolism All microbes need sources of energy and carbon
Source of energy Chemical compounds (Chemotrophs) Some microbes OXIDIZE organic compounds and some OXIDIZE inorganic compounds
Light (Phototrophs) Carry out oxygenic or anoxygenic photosynthesis
Source of carbon Inorganic sources (Autotrophs) Mainly carbon dioxide
Organic carbon (Heterotrophs) Use preformed organic carbon
Carbon and energy metabolism Organisms that use organic compounds for energy and carbon (Chemoheterotrophs) Utilize processes including glycolysis, TCA (Krebs) cycle, cytochrome chain.
Organisms can be: - Aerobic - Anaerobic - Facultative - Microaerophilic (5-10%) - Aerotolerant ( Carbon and energy metabolism Organisms that use inorganic compounds for energy and carbon (chemoautotrophic)
Calvin cycle is used for fixing carbon (just like plants)
These are aerobes Mechanism of ATP synthesis by organism using NH3 as energy source Carbon and energy metabolism Microbes that carryout photosynthesis Sulfur and non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria Very diverse group One photosystem normally used Bacteriochlorophyl-based Mainly anaerobic Anoxygenic (sulfur and hydrogen compounds and some organic compounds serve as electron donors) Cyanobacteria and algae Just like plants Chlorophyl-based Aerobic Oxygenic (water is electron donor Photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and algae Photosynthes is in green sulfur bacteria Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition Chemoautotrophic microbes (lithotrophs) are referred to as rock eating E.g. NH 3 and NO 2 oxidizing bacteria (nitrifying bacteria) and sulfur oxidizing bacteria
Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition Chemoheterotrophs The saphrophytes Utlize dead or decaying organic matter for growth requirements These are the major decomposers of organic matter on earth Main degradative agents even for organisms killed by pathogens
Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition- Chemoheterotrophic interactions Parasities -Endo or exoparasites
Amensalism- product of one organism affects another organism
Predation
Competition
Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition ENDOPARASITES EXOPARASITES Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition: Symbiosis
Both partners benefit from partnership when it would be beneficial from both
Symbiosis would not occur or not occur properly if one partner already has optimal growth conditions
Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition: Mutualism One or both partners cannot carryout important functions without the other Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition: Commensalism These benefit from host which does not benefit nor is harmed by the association Microbial nutrition Modes of nutrition: Amensalism Evolution of eukaryotic nutrition http://www.growingpassion.org/2010/04/evolution-of-chloroplasts- endosymbiosis.html