Photosynthesis

Objective 1
To trace the primary food source in a
food chain to the green plant
The Primary Food Source
Green plants always found at the
beginning of the food chain.
Why?
The only organisms that can produce
their own food
They are called producers
Objective 2
To define photosynthesis
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Photo = light
Synthesis = building up
DEFINITION
Photosynthesis
Process by which plants use water &
carbon dioxide to make
carbohydrates in the presence of
light and chlorophyll.

Oxygen is given off during the
process.
Objective 3
To understand the conditions necessary
for plants to make their own food

INTRODUCTION
Yummy!!!
What are the similarities
between baking a cake and
photosynthesis?
REQUIREMENTS
Raw materials
Carbon dioxide
Water
Conditions
Chlorophyll
Light energy
Answers
Review 1
1. An organism that make its own food, e.g. green
plant
2. They make their own food by photosynthesis
Review 2
1. Textbook pg 19
Review 3
Raw materials: water & carbon dioxide
Conditions: sunlight & chlorophyll
End products: oxygen & glucose
Objective 4
To outline the process of
photosynthesis by which plants
manufacture carbohydrates using raw
materials
To state that food is stored as starch in
the plant
CARBON DIOXIDE
From air
Enters leaf by diffusion
Pores: Stomata/Stoma
Found underside of the leaf

Carbon
dioxide
WATER
From soil
Absorb by root hair
Enter by osmosis
Transport by xylem vessel

Soil
Water
Water
Root Hair
To Xylem
Vessel
Water
Water
CHLOROPHYLL
Structure: Chloroplast
Green pigment: Chlorophyll
Absorb light energy

Leaf
Plant Cell
Chloroplast
LIGHT ENERGY
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from
sun
Light energy converted into chemical
energy
Chemical energy is needed to convert
carbon dioxide to carbohydrate
Series of chemical reactions

Xylem
H
2
O
CO
2
H
2
O
H
2
O
CO
2

Carbon Dioxide +Water
Light

Chlorophyll

Glucose +

Oxygen

O
2
O
2
Surroundings
STARCH
WORD EQUATION
CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
LIGHT ENERGY
CHLOROPHYLL
Review 4
1. Water, carbon dioxide, sunlight
2. Chlorophyll
3. It absorb the sunlight/light energy
4. Chloroplasts
5. The root hair absorb the water by osmosis
6. Xylem vessel
7. It enters through the stomata by diffusion
8. Carbon dioxide + water glucose +
oxygen
Light energy
Chlorophyll
Objective 5
To state the conditions that affect the
rate of photosynthesis
LIMITING FACTORS
Rate of photosynthesis is affected by:
carbon dioxide,
light intensity and
temperature

LIGHT INTENSITY
Higher light intensity, faster the rate of
photosynthesis
After awhile, the rate will remain constant
Due to limiting factors such carbon
dioxide concentration or temperature

CARBON DIOXIDE
Carbon dioxide in the air is 0.03%
Increasing the carbon dioxide
concentration to 0.1% increases the rate
of photosynthesis
After awhile the rate will remain constant
due to limiting factor such as temperature
and light intensity
TEMPERATURE
Temperatures below 40C, as it rises, the
rate of photosynthesis is faster
At 40C, photosynthesis begins to
decrease
As temperature rises above 40C,
photosynthesis stop as the enzymes
denatured
Other important things that plant
need to grow
Minerals
Found in soil and fertilizers
Magnesium: chlorophyll formation
Nitrogen: for making proteins

Objective 6
To compare the conditions for healthy
growth of ornamental plants and large
scale crop productions
Ornamental Plants
Use for decoration
Usually grown in greenhouses

Ornamental Plants
Conditions needed
Types of soil sand, organic matter
Minerals artificial or natural fertilizers
Humidity - humid conditions better, by
spraying and misting
Temperature - warm
Light - bright
Carbon dioxide burning fuels
Water watering plants
Pests hand pick/pesticides
Large scale crops
Includes rice, wheat, vegetables
Relies on farming methods and
agricultural technology
Plant in open field

Large scale crops
Light, humidity, temperature and water
cannot be controlled
Fertilizers mostly used artificial
fertilizers, machines
Pests planes to spray pesticides over
farm areas
Experiment
Question
Experiment: Testing for starch in
green leaves
What does hot water do to the leaf?
Kills the leaf to stop photosynthesis
What does the alcohol do to the leaf?
Breaks down chlorophyll take the green colour
out of the leaf
What is the original colour of iodine?
brown
What does it mean when iodine turn blue-
black?
Starch is present