TIMBER FRAME/WALL

1.1 INTRODUCTION

- The construction of a timber structure is a clean
and dry operation
- The timber can be cut and assembled with
simple hand tools
- It has adequate stability and strength to support
the loads
- Environmental performance sustainable,
renewable, natural
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
MODERN TIMBER
CONSTRUCTION
Timber is used as a major structural material in a great variety
of building and civil engineering applications.
Lightweight timber frame systems (based on structural timber,
engineered wood products and panels)
single family; houses, multi-storey residential buildings.
Large-scale timber systems may be used for industrial and
commercial buildings.

The anatomy of a typical timber frame small house
General advantages
An environmentally friendly, easily recyclable
material.
Timber has a low weight in relation to
strength, which is advantageous for transport,
erection and production.
Low inertia forces.
Wood has aesthetic qualities.

THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT
Built up by a skeleton of timber joists and
studs, covered with panels fastened to the
wood elements.
Plywood; fiber-board or chipboard, with
structural quality.
Gypsum panels = fire resistances protection.


THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
Utilised for:
transfer of vertical loads,
stabilization of wind and earthquake loads,
physical separation,
fire separation,
sound insulation, and
thermal insulation.
THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
The factors governing the design of walls are,
in order of priority:
fire resistance,
horizontal stabilisation,
sound insulation, and
vertical loading.
THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
Design of floors, the most importantfactors are:
impact sound insulation,
vibration control,
simplicity in production, and
possibility for the installation of services.
1.2 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL

a. Strength & Stability
- Strength varies according to density of timber
and defects in timber such as knots, shakes,
wane and slope of the grain
- Stability depends on a stable foundation on
which a stable structure can be constructed

b. Lightweight Construction
- Timber construction is lighter than masonry
construction
- Foundation can be designed to be smaller and
less wasteful of material
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.2 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)

c. Fast Construction
- Off-site prefabrication allows erection of
building faster
- The dry construction is fast and there is no
need to wait for wet trades to dry out

d. Environmental Performance
- Timber is a natural and renewable material

e. Durability
- Very durable to any weather condition
- Maintaining process can prolong the structure
exceeding 100 years

TIMBER FRAME/WALL
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.1 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)


TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.3 DISADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL

a. Low Fire Resistance
- Timber is a combustible material
- Fire Stop must be considered in design

b. High Cost
- Cost for high quality timber is very expensive
since the supply for good timber is very limited

c. Less Design Flexibility
- Design is limited and not flexible
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL

1.4.1 Platform Frame
1.4.2 Balloon Frame

TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4.1 Platform Frame
- A load bearing wall system
- Employs prefabrication of frames
- Studs extend only from the top of one level
to the bottom of the next
- No firestops allocated in the design
- The completed floor can then be used a
working platform
- Only until six storey height
- Roof structure can only be assembled at the
final stage of construction, thus exposing works
to rain
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
a. Platform Frame (contd)


TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
a. Platform Frame (contd)



TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
1.4.2 Balloon Frame (contd)
- A load bearing wall system
- Employs prefabrication of frames
- Studs extend from the foundation to the
roof
- Firestops are required to close the cavities in
the wall against passage of fire
- Greater speed of fabrication and erection
- Only suited for use in two storey building
- Roof structure can be assembled right after
the studs are established
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)


TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)

TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)

TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME


TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME (contd)


BALLOON FRAME PLATFORM FRAME
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME (contd)


TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.6 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

EXERCISE 1:

IN YOUR OWN WORDS SUMMARIZE THE METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTION OF THE FOLLOWING:
A) TIMBER PLATFORM FRAME
B) TIMBER BALLOON FRAME

TIMBER FRAME/WALL


-THE END-