2.

5 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

AND REDESIGN
2.5.1 Mix design
2.5.2 Mix re-design
2.5.3 Self-Compacting Concrete
Concrete
Batching
Plants
Moisture
control in
aggregates
Normal Distribution
mean = failure level + z standard deviation.
A table of z (or n) values
for various values of percentage failures
(table 1.10.1 in section 1.10 of the notes)

Percentage failure
permitted

z value

16

1.00

10

1.28

5

1.64

2.5

1.96

2

2.05

1

2.33

Figure 3
Table 2 Approximate compressive strengths (Mpa) of concrete
mixes made with a free w/c ratio of 0.5





Age (days)

Type of Cement

Type of Coarse
Aggregate

3

7

28

90



Ordinary Portland
(OPC) or Sulphate
Resisting (SRPC)
EN Class 42.5

Uncrushed

22

30

42

49



Crushed

27

36

49

56



Rapid Hardening
(RHPC)
EN Class 52.5

Uncrushed

29

37

48

54



Crushed

34

43

55

61



Table 2
Figure 4
Table 3
Table 3 Approx water contents (kg/m
3
) required to give workability

Slump (mm)


0-10

10-30

30-60

60-180

Vebe time (s)

more
than 12

6-12

3-6

0-3

Maximum
aggregate
size (mm)

Type of
aggregate









10

Uncrushed

150

180

205

225

Crushed

180

205

230

250

20

Uncrushed

135

160

180

195

Crushed

170

190

210

225

40

Uncrushed

115

140

160

175

Crushed

155

175

190

205

Figure 5
Figure 6 (10mm)
Figure 6 (20mm)
2.5 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
AND REDESIGN
2.5.1 Mix design
2.5.2 Mix re-design
2.5.3 Self-Compacting Concrete

Self Compacting Concrete
1. Why change to SCC?
2. Mix Design
3. Testing
Why change to SCC?
Lower labour cost (no vibration needed)
Better finish
Faster placing
No risk of white-finger
Less noise
Can be placed with congested
reinforcement.
Self Compacting Concrete
1. Why change to SCC?
2. Mix Design
3. Testing
Principles of mix design for SCC
Design the concrete mix to achieve the required strength and
a slump of 100mm.
If the cement content is less than 500kg/m
3
, add PFA so
that:
The total cementitious (cement + PFA) is 500kg/m
3

The equivalent cement content (= Cement + 0.3 PFA)
is the same as the cement content from the original mix
design.
Check that the PFA is less than 40% of the total
cementitious content. If it is more than 40% some of it will
not react, so it will not contribute to the strength.
Add superplasticiser and VMA in the amounts specified by
the manufacturers.
Proportioning the admixtures
Add a superplasticiser to get the flow
Add a VMA to prevent segregation
Use the manufacturers data on W drive
Note that some VMAs are used in very
small quantities.
Self Compacting Concrete
1. Why change to SCC?
2. Mix Design
3. Testing
Test Methods
Slump Flow
V Funnel
L box


Slump Flow Test
The standards are on W drive