POPULATION EXPLOSION

Population explosion
is a sudden spurt in the rate of
population that occur in the second
stage of demographic transition due to
a rapid change in the mortality rate
without a corresponding fall in the
birth.
THE EFFECT OF POPULATION EXPLOSION
Unemployment
Low living standard of people
Low per capita income
Hindrance in the process of development of economy
Lack of basic amenities like water supply ,sanitation ,education,
health etc.
High crime rate
Environmental damage
Migration to urban area
Energy crisis
Pressure on agriculture land
Overcrowding of cities


IN ORDER TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEM OF
POPULATION EXPLOSION
1. Quick economic development and raising the per
capita income
2. Significant reduction in birth rate
3. Improvement of quality of the population by
providing better facilities in education ,health etc.
4. Death rate should be brought down
5. Integrating population planning with economic
planning

FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME
Alarming growth of population is
one of the most formidable problems India is
facing today and is seriously threating its
economic development.
The population explosion poses a serious threat
to India as it has to maintain 16.9%of world's
population on only 2.4% of the world area. The
present growth rate of 1.7% is much higher
than the world population growth rate of 1.3%
which is of great concern
ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH
Urban Environment and human health
Environment health
Water quality and health
Air quality and health
Industry and health
Energy and health

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Pollution can be
defined as the introduction by
humans, deliberately or
inadvertently ,of substances or
energy (heat ,radiation ,noise) into
the environment resulting in a
deleterious effect
TYPES OF POLLUTIONS
Air pollution
Water pollution
Soil pollution
Marine pollution
Noise pollution
Thermal pollution
Nuclear hazardous

AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution
is basically the presence of
foreign substances in air in
excessive concentration which
adversely affect the well being of
the individual or causes damages
to property.

CONTROLL MEASURES FOR AIR POLLUTION
Controlling fugitive dust emission by watering or using oil on roads
Increasing routine inspection of equipment and preventative
maintenance e.g. replacing leaky valves and pipes.
Applying zoning or planning ordinates to distribute or minimize the
impact of air pollution sources in a community.
Material substitution e.g. changing the fuel

WATER POLLUTION
Water is the essential
elements that makes life on earth possible .without
water there will be no life. Although 71% of earth s
surface is covered water only a tiny fraction on this
water is available to us as fresh water .about 97% of
the total water available on earth is found in the
ocean as too salty for drinking or irrigation.t5he
remaining 3% is fresh water this ,2.997%is locked in
ice cap or glaciers .Thus only 0.0003% of earth total
volume of water is easily available to us as soil
moisture, group water vapour and the water in lakes
stream, rivers and wetlands makes water a very
precious resources.
CONTROL MEASURES FOR WATER
POLLUTION
Input control - that is pollutants should be
prevented from being generated in the first
place.
Output control -that is to control the pollutant
and or its effect after it has been produced .
Developing of proper sewage and industrial
effluent systems can reduce incoming point
source of pollution.
Extensive afforestation can help in minimizing
non-point sources of pollution.
Domestic and industrial waste water should be
disposed off after treatment to the required
level/degree.
SOIL POLLUTION
The soil is a thin covering
over the land consisting of
mixtures of minerals, organic
material .living organism ,air
and water that together
support the growth of plant life.
MARINE POLLUTION
Marine
pollution can be defined as the
introduction of substances to the
marine environment directly or
indirectly by man resulting in
adverse effects such as hazards to
human health, obstruction of
marine activities and lowering the
quality of sea water.
NOISE POLLUTION
Noise is unwanted
sound and noise pollution may
be defined as the undesirable
sound that interferes
significantly with the comfort,
health or welfare of persons or
with the full use or enjoyment
of property
NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL
1.At the source
2.In the path
THERMAL POLLUTION
Thermal
pollution is also commonly
known as heat pollution and
occurs when heat released into
water or air produces
undesirable effects .Thermal
pollution can sudden, acute
event or a long term chromic
process
NUCLEAR HAZARDS

Radioactive pollution is
special form of physical
pollution related to all major
life supporting systems
air ,water and soil.
CONTROL
I. Leakage from nuclear reactors careless
handling transport and use of
radioactive fuels, fission products and
radioactive isotopes have to be totally
stopped.
II. Safety measures should be enforced
strictly
III.Waste disposal must be careful, efficent
and effective
HAZARDOUS WASTES
A
hazardous waste is any waste or
combination of waste that posses a
substantial danger now or in future
to human,plant,or animal life and
which therefore cannot be handled
or disposed of without any
precaution.