DCS & SCADA conceptions

Truong Dinh Chau

(+84) (0)91. 543-74-40
chau.truong@me.com,
chau.truong@hcmut.edu.vn
http://truongdinhchau.com
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DCS
A distributed control system (DCS) refers to a control
system usually of a manufacturing system, process or any kind
of dynamic system, in which the controller elements are not
central in location (like the brain) but are distributed throughout
the system with each component sub-system controlled by one
or more controllers.
The entire system of controllers is connected by networks for
communication and monitoring.
DCS is a very broad term used in a variety of industries, to
monitor and control distributed equipment.

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DCS
The elements of a DCS may connect directly to physical
equipment such as switches, pumps and valves and to HMI via
SCADA.
The differences between a DCS and SCADA is often subtle,
especially with advances in technology allowing the functionality
of each to overlap

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DCS
DCS = PAC + Distributed I/Os + Distributed Controllers +
Networks + HMIs + Configuration software + Dev. Software
PAC: Process Automation Control


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DCS componens
-PAC Platforms
- CPUs
- Local I/O
- Remote I/O
- Distributed I/O
- HMI Terminal
- Networks & Device buses
-
- System engineering tools
(PAC, Device buses,
Third party devices, HMI, )
- Devices Library
- Process Library
-
Software
PAC
Station
Hardware
PAC
Station
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Definition of SCADA
SCADA -
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
Supervision, Control And Data Acquisition
Real-time DAQ
Processing
Archives
Monitoring
Control
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Functional organization of SCADA system
Information data acquisition from controllers located in the low
level
Saving the obtained data in storages
Processing of obtained information
Graphical interpretation
Receiving command from operator and transfer them to
controllers
Event registration regarding to control process and personal
actions
Prevention or notification about events and alarms
Reporting
Data exchange with enterprise automated control systems
Direct automatic control of control processes
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Graphics displays
Tag
Alarms, Events
Trends: Real-time, historical
Report
I/O driver
I/O server
Real-time
Multitasking
Openness
Scalability
Data access
Database
Networking
Fault tolerance and redundancy
Client/server distributed processing
Technical keywords of SCADA system
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Input/output task
This program is the interface between the control and
monitoring system and the plant floor.
Alarm task
This manages all alarms by detecting digital alarm points and
comparing the values of analog alarm points to alarm
thresholds.
Trends task
The trends task collects data to be monitored over time.
Reports task
Reports are produced from plant data. These reports can be
periodic, event triggered or activated by the operator.
Display task
This manages all data to be monitored by the operator and all
control actions requested by the operator.
Typicall tasks in SCADA system
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Open architecture design
Real-time multitasking
Client/server fully supported with
no user configuration
Distributed project updates
(changes reflected across
network)
Concurrent support of multiple
display nodes
Access any tag from any node
Access any data (trend, alarm,
report) from any node
Distributed architecture in modern SCADA systems
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Popular SCADA packages
Schneider Electric
Wonderware
Rockwell Automation
Intellution
Advantech
Iconics
AdAstra
Schneider Electric
United States Data
National Instruments
Siemens
Company
France
USA
USA
USA
Taiwan
USA
Russia
France
USA
USA
Germany
Country
Citect
InTouch
Factory Talk
iFIX
GeniDAQ
Genesis32
Trace Mode
Vijeo Look
Factory Link
LabView
WinCC
SCADA
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Typical structure
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PAC station software integration
How to share the variables between the different software tools?
SCADA
Field devices
Remote
IO
Remote
IO
PAC
Ethernet
Modicon
Controller
HMI
DIO
DIO
PAC
station
HMI
Software
Other
PAC
station
-Import / Export
(.TXT, .SCY,.XSY,.XVM)
1
-Static Link
-Dynamic Link
(.STU, .XVM, .XEF)
2
-Data dictionary
(online, run mode
change)
4
3
-SpeedLink (Vijeo Citect)
(Static / Dynamic)
Software
PAC
Station
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PAC station integration
.XVM
Elementary data type (EDT)
Table,
Structure
Derived data type (DDT)
Elementary function block
(EFB)Derived function block (DFB)

with Public variables ( V3.3 ) and
input/Output)

.STU
Elementary data type (EDT)
Table, structure
Derived data type (DDT)
Elementary function block (EFB)
Derived function block (DFB)
I/O derived data type (IODDT)

Data Dictionary
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.STU, .XEF, .XVM
3
1
2
SpeedLink
Unity
Pro
Vijeo
Designer
OFS
FCHMI
Citect
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Distributed vs. Centralized
Distributed Architecture (ETH)

Standard communication protocol
Off-the-shelf cabling system
Greater distances on Fiber
Fiber optic: wide offer
Virtually unlimited topology
deployment (including FO ring)
Potential mix of I/Os and devices
Possibly multiple I/O streams
Centralized Architecture (in rack)

Optional redundant cabling
Optional redundant power supply
Possible remote rack serial comm
Hardware configuration handled by
the programming environment
Synchronous I/O data exchanges
Unity Pro Integrated diagnostic scheme
and operating mode strategy
Single I/O stream
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Process centric vs. Remote centric
Process Centric Remote Centric
Remote
Locations
Continuous process
automation and control;
Maintained
communication links;
Localized;
Sporadic monitoring and
control;
Comfortable on slow
and unpredictable
communication links;
Remote;
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Sample
systems
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Training panel