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REXX Training

What is REXX ?
Restructured EXtended eXecutor
language
Programming language
Free format language
Issues commands to different host
environments
Suitable for beginners as well computer
professionals
USAGE of REXX
Automating repetitive tasks
- Increases productivity
Eg : Allocation of datasets for a release
Eg : Deleting 7th char in all records of a file
Interacting with TSO/ISPF dialog manager
- To create and display custom-made panels
- Can store and retrieve variables
etc.
Writing a simple REXX exec
An exec is nothing but a group of REXX statements in a
sequential dataset or a PDS member
The first statement of an exec should be /* REXX */
REXX is not case sensitive
A simple exec (In a PDS member,MYFIRST)
/*REXX*/
SAY This is first REXX exec
EXIT
Executing a REXX exec
Explicit execution from tso ready prompt
READY
EXEC TATA.REXX.EXEC(MYFIRST) EXEC
READY
Implicit execution requires the PDS library to be concatenated to
either SYSEXEC or the SYSPROC system DDNAMEs.
READY
ALLOC DD(SYSEXEC) DSN(HCL.REXX.EXEC) SHR
READY
%MYFIRST
From ISPF,one can execute it by issuing the following command
at command prompt
TSO MYFIRST
REXX Symbols
A REXX symbol can consist of
A...Z uppercase alphabetic
a...z lowercase alphabetic
0...9 numbers
@ # $ ? ! . _ special characters

Rules for valid REXX symbols are :

The first character cannot be 0 through 9 or a period (.)
The variable name cannot exceed 250 bytes
The variable name should not be RC, SIGL and RESULT
REXX - Arithmetic operators
+ Add

- Subtract

* Multiply

/ Divide

% Divide and return a whole number without a
remainder

// Divide and return the remainder only

** Raise a number to a whole number power

-number Negate the number

+number Add the number to 0
REXX - Logical operators
& AND
(4 > 2) & (a = a) /* true, so result is 1 */
(2 > 4) & (a = a) /* false, so result is 0 */

| Inclusive OR
(4 > 2) | (5 = 3) /* at least one is true, so result is 1 *
(2 > 4) | (5 = 3) /* neither one is true, so result is 0 */

&& Exclusive OR
(4 > 2) && (5 = 3) /* only one is true, so result is 1 */
(4 > 2) && (5 = 5) /* both are true, so result is 0 */

Prefix \ Logical NOT
\ 0 /* opposite of 0, so result is 1 */
\ (4 > 2) /* opposite of true, so result is 0 */
REXX - comparison
operators

= Equal

\ = Not equal

> Greater than

< Less than

> < Greater than or less than (same as not equal)

> = Greater than or equal to

\ < Not less than

< = Less than or equal to

\ > Not greater than

Note: The not character, "", is synonymous with the
backslash ("\").
REXX Special Variables
RC: RC stands for return code and is set every time a
command is issued.

SIGL: When the language processor transfers control to
another routine or another part of the exec, it sets the SIGL
special variable to the line number from which the transfer
occurred.

RESULT : When an exec calls a subroutine ,the calling exec
receives the value returned by the subroutine in the REXX
special variable RESULT
REXX Instructions
REXX Instructions
A line contains usually one instruction
Comma(,) is the continuation character
Semi-colon(;) is the instruction delimiter
Example :
say The quick fox jumps over,
the lazy brown dog; say over
Output :
The quick fox jumps over the lazy brown dog over
Note that the comma operator adds a space
REXX Instructions - SAY

To write a line of output to the TSO terminal
Expression can contain variables, literals and functions

/*REXX*/
name=Roosevelt
say Welcome to TSO name
exit
Output
Welcome to TSO Roosevelt
REXX instruction - PULL
To read the input from the TSO terminal (when REXX
data stack is empty)
Syntax : pull var1 var2 var3

/*REXX*/
say Enter your name :
pull name
say Good morning name
exit
The output will be
Enter your name :
Lincoln
Good morning LINCOLN
pull automatically converts the input into uppercase
REXX Instruction - IF
Used to conditionally execute a single stmt or a group of
statements
Syntax : if expression then
stmt;
else
stmt;
A group of statements can be grouped together by using
doend
Nested IFs are allowed
REXX Instructions - NOP
nop stands for No-operation
Causes REXX to create No-operation condition
Only useful as a target of THEN or ELSE clause
REXX Instructions - IF
/*REXX*/
say Enter AM/PM :'
pull ampm
if ampm = 'AM' then
say 'Good morning!!!'
else
if ampm = 'PM' then
say 'Good evening!!!'
else NOP
exit

REXX Instructions - DO
Used to execute a group of statements under the control
of an expression
Has several formats
The repetitive DO construct
do 5 /* do x=5 is the same */
say hi there!!!
end
The statements within do..end will be executed five times
Contd...
REXX Instructions - DO
The do with loop counter
/*REXX*/
do ix = 1 to 7 by 2 /* 2 is the step value */
say ix
end
The output will be
1
3
5
7
Contd...
REXX Instructions - DO
The dowhile construct
/*REXX*/
i=1
do while i < 3
say i
i = i + 1
end
The output
1
2
Contd...
REXX Instructions - DO
The do..until construct
/*REXX*/
i=1
do until i > 3
say i
i= i+ 1
end
The output will be
1
2
3
Contd...
REXX Instructions - DO
The do..forever special construct
/*REXX*/
do forever
say infinite loop
end
The above exec results into an infinite loop
Enough care should be taken to check the exit criteria of
the loop, before executing the exec
The leave instruction can be used to exit from the loop
REXX Instructions - LEAVE
Causes REXX to stop executing the current doend loop and
control passes to the next statement after the end of the doend pair

/*REXX*/
do forever
say Enter the code :
pull code
if code = BYE then
do
leave;
end
End
say Statement after doend
exit

REXX Instructions - ITERATE
Used to restart execution in a do loop
ITERATE {name}
If name is not specified, ITERATE will step the
innermost active loop
If name is specified, that particular loop is stepped
/*REXX*/
do i = 1 to 3 by 1
if i = 2 then
iterate i
say i = i
end
Output
i = 1
i = 3
REXX Instructions - SELECT
Causes REXX to execute one of several different
instructions
Most used when one of the several paths must be followed

/*REXX*/
say Enter 1 for salad,2 for pizza :
pull choice
select
when choice = 1 then
do
say Here is the salad
end
when choice = 2 then say Here is the pizza
otherwise say You have opted nothing
end

REXX Instruction - UPPER
To translate the contents of a single or several variables to
uppercase
Syntax : upper var1 var2 var3
/*REXX*/
name =Kennedy
say Name is name
upper name
say Now name is name
exit
Output
Name is Kennedy
Now name is KENNEDY
REXX Instruction - EXIT
Used to unconditionally leave a program
Can optionally pass back a string to the caller
Syntax : EXIT {expression}
Example named PROG2
/*REXX*/
a=10
exit a*10 /*return 100 to the caller */
When prog2 is called in an exec as x=prog2(),then x
will have the value 100
REXX Instructions - INTERPRET
Used to execute instructions that are built dynamically
Syntax : INTERPRET expression
Example :
/*REXX*/
out='say hi there!!!'
interpret out
stmts='do 3; say 'loop'; end'
interpret stmts
exit
Output will be
hi there!!!
loop
loop
loop
REXX Instructions - PARSE
Tells REXX how to assign data to one or more variables
PARSE PULL makes REXX get the string from the
REXX data stack. If the stack is empty, REXX will get
the string from the terminal
PARSE VALUE parses a string under the control of the
template
PARSE VALUE expression WITH template
PARSE VAR indicates that the string to be parsed is not a
literal but a variable
PARSE VERSION returns REXX interpreter level and
the date released
REXX Instructions - PARSE
parse value Napolean the great with w1 w2 w3
w1 = Napolean w2 = the w3 = great
parse value Napolean the great with w1 9 w2
w1 = Napolean w2 = the great
parse value 'salt+water=brine' with w1 '+' w2 '=' w3
w1 = salt w2 = water w3 = brine
parse version vervar
say vervar
REXX370 3.48 01 May 1992 Contd
REXX Instructions - DROP
Used to return one or more REXX variables to their initial
or uninitialised state
Syntax : DROP name1 name2 name3.;
Same variable can be dropped more than once
Examples
drop a
drop z.5
drop d.
REXX Instructions - ADDRESS
To indicate the destination of non-rexx commands
Syntax ADDRESS destination
The destination could be any one of these
TSO - Routes commands to TSO
ISPEXEC - Routes commands to ISPF/PDF
ISREDIT - Routes commands to the ISPF Edit macro
processor
Address tso lista st
Address tso listds(hclt.rexx.exec) members
Address ispexec /* Dest. Changed and set */
REXX Instructions - Procedure
Used to protect the variables in existence when the function
or subroutine is called
Syntax : PROCEDURE { EXPOSE name1 {name2}}
name1, name2 are not protected from the subroutine.
That is they are exposed to the subroutine
REXX Instructions - Procedure
Example

/*REXX */
lines=2
pages=3
call showlines
say 'The line count is' lines ',the page count is' pages
/* 'say' above displays 10 for lines and 3 for pages */
exit

showlines: procedure expose lines
lines=10
pages=1
return
REXX Instructions - ARG
To parse out the arguments passed to a program or internal
subroutine and store the arguments in variables
Eg:
/*REXX*/
arg a,b
c = a+ b
say The sum is c
exit
REXX does not prompt for any missing arguments
ARG converts the parameters passed to uppercase
REXX Instructions - RETURN
Used to pass control back to the caller of a subroutine or
function.An optional value can also be passed
Syntax : RETURN {expression }
If invoked as a function, the value in the return
instruction is substituted for the function call
If invoked as a subroutine , the value in the RETURN
instruction is stored in the REXX special variable
RESULT
If the RETURN instruction doesnt have any expression ,
then a null string is passed to the caller
REXX Instructions - CALL
Used to invoke an internal or external subroutine and built-in-
functions
The called routine usually uses the ARG function to extract
the parameters passed by the call
Eg.
arg x /* parse 'x' */
call factorial x /* go get factorial of 'x' */
say x'! =' result /* write result out */
exit

factorial: procedure /* factorial subroutine */
arg n /* parse 'x' */
if n=0 then return 1 /* quit when done */
call factorial n-1 /* call myself with x minus 1 */
return result * n /* build up answer in 'result'*/
REXX Instructions - SIGNAL
It is an equivalent command for GOTO command in other
languages
Syntax : SIGNAL label
Example
/*REXX*/
say Before signal /* displayed */
signal bye
say After signal /* never gets executed */
exit
bye:
say In signal /* displayed */
exit
Note that the say instruction after signal will never get
executed
REXX Instruction - PUSH
Used to place a new element on a REXX data stack
Syntax : PUSH {expression}
Places the element on the top of the REXX data stack
A null string of length zero is stacked if the expression is
omitted
Stacks strings LIFO sequence
REXX Instruction - QUEUE
Used to place a new element on the bottom of a REXX data
stack
Syntax : QUEUE { expression }
Stacks strings in FIFO sequence
A null length string is stacked if expression is omitted
The PULL instruction is used extract an element from the top
of the REXX data stack
Executing REXX in
Batch
Executing REXX in batch
Need arises when the REXX exec takes longer time
to complete the execution.So time-consuming and low
priority execs can be run in background

Main advantage - Batch mode does not interfere with
persons use of the terminal

Only those execs which do not require any sort of
terminal interaction can be run in batch mode.
Executing REXX in Batch - JCL
//TSOBATCH EXEC PGM=IKJEFT01,DYNAMBR=30,REGION=4096K
//SYSEXEC DD DSN=HCLT.REXX.EXEC,DISP=SHR
//SYSTSPRT DD SYSOUT=A
//SYSTSIN DD *
% SETUP
/*
//
The following points are to be noted :
IKJEFT01 - TSO command processor program
SYSEXEC - System DD card to which REXX libraries
are concatenated
SYSTSPRT - Destination of the REXX output,as well
the TSO command processor
Contd..
Executing REXX in Batch - JCL
SYSTSIN - Instream card wherein TSO commands or
invocation of REXX execs can be issued
The dataset HCLT.REXX.EXEC is a PDS and has a
member of the name SETUP.
The Instream data can be used to invoke an REXX exec
either implicitly or explicitly as indicated below
%SETUP >>>> Implicit
EXEC HCLT.REXX.EXEC(SETUP) EXEC >>>> Explicit
Any parameters to the exec can be passed as below
%SETUP parm1 parm2

Executing REXX in Batch Example
to pass parm
Pass parameters form JCL to a Rexx Program
//systsin dd *
%name parm1 +
parm2

Executing REXX in Batch Invoking
REXX procedure
//Exasbajb JOB dddddd,class = d,Notify=&sysuid
//REXXJCL EXEC PGM=IRXJCL,PARM=P0002
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//STEPLIB DD DISP=SHR,DSN=XXXX.XXXX
//SYSEXEC DD DISP=SHR,DSN=XXXX.XXXX
REXX-TSO Interface
Samples
TSO Samples - Read Routine
read_routine:
address TSO alloc da(dsnanme) F(indd) shr reuse
if rc = 0 then
do
address TSO execio * diskr indd (finis stem rec_stm.
end
else
do
say Error in allocating the file dsnanme
end
TSO Samples - Write Routine
write_routine:
address TSO alloc da(dsnanme) F(indd) shr reuse
if rc = 0 then
do
address TSO execio * diskw indd (finis stem rec_stm.
end
else
do
say Error in allocating the file dsnanme
end
TSO Samples Validate Dataset
Validate_routine:
if sysdsn(dsnname) = ok then
do
say present
end

TSO Samples File Creation
Create_routine:
address tso alloc da(psfile) new ,
Lrecl(80) recfm(f b) ,
dsorg(ps) space(1,1) tracks
TSO Samples File Deletion
Delete_routine:
if sysdsn(psfile) = ok then
do
delete psfile
end
TSO Sample Read PDS members
Read_pds_routine:
trap_var = outtrap(pds_stm.)
Address TSO listds pds_name mem
if rc /= 0 then
do
say listds error
end
trap_var = outtrap(off)
do index1 = 7 to pds_stm.0
member_name = strip(pds_stm.index1)
end
TSO Sample Output
Output for listds in first six lines
EXAKRY.MCP.PILOT.JCLLIB
--RECFM-LRECL-BLKSIZE-DSORG
FB 80 27920 PO
--VOLUMES--
USR009
--MEMBERS
PGPYD058
PGPYD059
PGPYD060
.
REXX Functions
REXX Functions
A function is a sequence of instructions that can receive data,
process that data, and return a value.

Built-in functions

User-written functions - Internal and External
REXX Functions - ABS
Returns the absolute value of a number

ABS(56.7') returns the number 56.7

ABS(' -0.125') returns the number 0.125

REXX Functions - ADDRESS
Returns the current setting to which the non-REXX
commands in an REXX exec is addressed to

Example
/*REXX*/
say address() /* returns TSO */
address ispexec
say address() /* returns ISPEXEC */
address isredit /* returns ISREDIT */
say address()
exit
REXX Functions - CENTER
Used to center one string within a certain length area and
pad on the left and right of the centered string with an
optional padding character
Syntax : CENTER(string, length{,pad})
The default padding character is spaces
Examples :
say center(uswest,10,*)
Output:
**uswest**

REXX Functions - COMPARE
Used to compare two strings and return a zero if the
strings are the same ,or a non-zero number if they are not
Non-zero number is the position of the first mismatching
character found
Syntax : COMPARE(string1,string2{,pad})
If the optional padding character is specified,then the
shorter string is padded and compared
Examples :
COMPARE('123','123') returns a 0 (exact match)
COMPARE('FO?? ','FO','?') returns a 5 (1st mismatch after padding)
COMPARE('abc','ak') returns a 2 (first mismatching char)
COMPARE('ZZ ','ZZ','x') returns a 3 (1st mismatch found 3 chars in)
COMPARE('xy ','xy',' ') returns a 0 (exact match with padding)
REXX Functions - COPIES
Used to concatenate or append a string to itself a certain
number of times
Syntax : COPIES(string,n)
Examples :
COPIES('Hello',4) returns 'HelloHelloHelloHello'
COPIES('Say what?',0) returns '' (null string)
REXX Functions - DATATYPE
Used to determine the data type of the string passed
Syntax : DATATYPE(string{,type})
If type is omitted,NUM is returned if the string is a valid
number and CHAR is returned in all other cases
If type is specified,either TRUE(1) or FALSE(0) is returned
The valid types are as follows

A - Alphanumeric
N - Numeric
W - Whole number
L - Lowercase
U - Uppercase
M - Mixed case
Examples
DATATYPE(' 44 ') returns NUM (numeric)
DATATYPE('*1**') returns CHAR (caharcter string)
DATATYPE('Wally','M') returns a 1 (mixed case)
DATATYPE('75.54','W') returns a 0 (not a whole number)
REXX Functions - DATE
Returns the current date
An optional character can be passed to obtain date in
specific formats
Syntax : DATE({option})
Some of the chars that can be passed are
U returns date in USA format, 'mm/dd/yy
J returns a Julian date in the form 'yyddd
W returns the day of the week (e.g. 'Tuesday', 'Sunday', etc.)
Examples
say date() /* returns 17 Dec 1999 */
say date('U') /* returns 12/17/99 */
say date('J') /* returns 99351 */
say date('W') /* returns Friday */
REXX Functions - DELSTR
Used to delete or remove one string from within another
string
Syntax : DELSTR(string,n{,length})
'string' is the string from which a portion is to be deleted
starting with character number 'n', where 'n' is a positive
integer
The length of the portion to be deleted is given by the
optional length parameter
When n is greater than the length of the string no action is
performed
Examples
DELSTR('abcde',3,2) deletes 'cd', leaving 'abe'
DELSTR('zyxw',3) leaves 'zy', deleting 'xw'
DELSTR('12345',6) no change, since 6 is greater than string length
REXX Functions - INDEX
Used to find the position of one character string within
another character string
Syntax : INDEX(string,substring{,start})
'start' is an optional starting character position for the
search within string
Examples
INDEX('hello','ll') returns a 3
INDEX('say what','w ') returns a 5
INDEX('zyxwvu','vu',6) returns a 0
INDEX('zyxwvu','vu',2) returns a 5
REXX Functions - LEFT
Used to extract the leftmost characters of the string
Syntax : LENGTH(string,length{,pad})
If string is shorter than length,the string returned is
padded with pad char in the function call if available or
with the default pad character blank.
Examples :
LEFT('Wallawalla',4) returns 'Wall'
LEFT('Republicans',20,'-') returns 'Republicans---------'
LEFT('Motley Crue ',8) returns 'Motley C'
REXX Functions - LENGTH
Used to return the length of the string passed to the
function
Syntax : LENGTH(string)
Examples :
LENGTH('LIFO') returns 4
LENGTH('Rubber baby buggy bumpers') returns 25
LENGTH('') returns 0 (null string)
REXX Functions - MAX
Returns the maximum numeric value from a list of
numeric values
Syntax : MAX(number{,number}...)
Up to 20 numbers may be specified as arguments to
MAX.
Calls to MAX can be nested if more are needed
Examples :
MAX(21,22,81,67) returns 81
MAX(27.32,0.45,102.3) returns 102.3
The MIN function is similar to MAX except that it returns the
minimum value
REXX Functions - POS
Returns the position, relative to 1, of one string within
another.
Syntax : POS(substring,string{,startloc})
A zero is returned if substring is not found within string
Examples
POS('M','ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ') returns 13
POS('Smith','Merrill, Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Smith') returns 37
POS('hart','MVS is breaking my heart...',4) returns 0 (not found)
REXX Functions - QUEUED
Returns the no of elements that remain on the REXX data
stack
No arguments
If queued() returns zero,that indicates the REXX data stack
is empty and the next PULL instruction will obtain input from
the TSO terminal
/*REXX*/
newstack
push a
push b
say queued() /* returns 2 */
delstack
exit
REXX Functions - REVERSE
This function reverses the order of all characters in a string
Syntax : REVERSE( string)
Example
say reverse(XYZ)
returns ZYX
REXX Functions - SIGN
Used to determine the sign of a number
Syntax : SIGN(number)
Returns -1 if the number is negative
Returns 0, if the nuber is zero
Returns +1,if the number is positive
The number is rounded to meet the current setting for
NUMERIC DIGITS before the test.
Examples :
SIGN('-22.811') returns -1
SIGN(0.0) returns 0
REXX Functions - STRIP
Used to remove the leading and/or trailing characters from
a character string
Syntax : STRIP(string{,{option}{,char}})
The default char for char is blank
The option can take either L or T or B and the default
option is B
Examples :
STRIP(' February 11, 1989 ') returns 'February
11, 1989'
STRIP('7642.7600',T,0) returns '7642.76'
STRIP('$$$$52.4',Leading,$) returns '52.4'
REXX Function - SUBSTR
Used to extract a portion of a string
Syntax : SUBSTR(string,n{,{length}{,pad}})
length is the length of extracted substring
If length is omitted,the remainder of the string from char
number n is extracted
The extract string is padded on the right with pad char, if
there are not enough characters in the extracted substring to
reach length
Examples :
SUBSTR('Hi there',4) returns 'there'
SUBSTR('MVS',1,5) returns 'MVS '
SUBSTR('December 7, 1941',6,15,'-') + 'ber 7, 1941----'
REXX Function - SYMBOL
Used to determine whether a symbol is valid REXX symbol
Syntax : SYMBOL(name)
Returns BAD if the name is not a valid REXX symbol
If name is name of the variable with a value assigned to
it,VAR is returned
In other cases, LIT is returned
j='TSO/E Version 2.1' /* assign value to variable J */
Symbol('J') /* returns VAR since assigned */
Drop j
Symbol('J') /* returns LIT after Drop */
Symbol('.variable') /* returns BAD since 1st character is a '.' */
REXX Function - TIME
Returns the current time of day in a variety of different
formats and can also be used to perform elapsed time
calculations
Syntax : TIME({option})
L - hh:mm:ss:uuuuuu
Examples :
TIME() returns 09:18:04
TIME('L') returns 11:00:32.672567
REXX Function - USERID
Returns the current TSO user id
Format : USERID()
Example
say userid() /* returns the current user id */
REXX Function - WORD
Used to extract a specific word from within a string of
words
Syntax : WORD(string,n)
The words in the string must be separated by blanks
n indicates that the nth word in the string is to be
extracted
Examples :
WORD(Arise Awake and Stop not',4) /* returns Stop' */
test = '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'
WORD(test,1) /* returns '1' */
WORD('Carolina moon, what are you doing over Gismo Beach?',10)
/* returns null string */
REXX Function - WORDS
Used to determine the number of words contained within a
string of words
Syntax : WORDS(string)
Examples :
WORDS(Arise, Awake and Stop not till the goal is reached)
/* returns 10 */
WORDS('1234567890abcdefghikjlmnopqrstuvwxyz $@#!')
/* returns 2 */
LISTDSI - External Function
Returns in variables the dataset attributes of a specified
dataset
Example
/*REXX*/
X=LISTDSI(HCLT.PDS.COBOL)
IF X=0 THEN DO
SAY SYSDSORG SYSDSORG
SAY SYSLRECL SYSLRECL
END ELSE SAY CALL UNSUCCESSFUL
EXIT
LISTDSI - External function
The following points are note-worthy
Note two sets of quotes in the call to LISTDSI
- to indicate the parm is literal to REXX
- to indicate the dsname is fully qualified
The return code should always be checked after the call
The output of the above REXX could be
SYSDSORG PO - PO- Partitioned Dataset
SYSLRECL 80 - Record length
Totally there are 33 variables that are set as a result of the
call to LISTDSI external function
OUTTRAP - External Function
Traps TSO/E command output into a stem variable
The function call returns the name of the variable
specified
Trapping is capturing the lines of data which otherwise
would have been displayed at the terminal

/*REXX*/
x=outtrap("a.") /* turns trap on. x=a. */
"listds 'rhkrish.rexx.exec' members"
x=outtrap("off") /* turns trap off. x=off */
say 'No of lines trapped ' a.0
EXIT
OUTTRAP - External function
Contd..
The output of the exec could be this
No of lines trapped 57
Note that the no of lines trapped is stored in A.0
All the trapped lines from A.1 to A.n can be used
The outtrap function can be used to trap only a certain no
of lines.
OUTTRAP(A.,10)
Only 10 lines trapped.
SYSDSN - External Function
Returns OK if the specified dataset exists; Otherwise
returns appropriate error messages
Example call
available = SYSDSN(HCLT.rexx.exec)
/* available could be set to "OK" */

The other possible error messages are as follows
MEMBER SPECIFIED, BUT DATASET IS NOT PARTITIONED
MEMBER NOT FOUND
DATASET NOT FOUND
ERROR PROCESSING REQUESTED DATASET
PROTECTED DATASET
VOLUME NOT ON SYSTEM
UNAVAILABLE DATASET
INVALID DATASET NAME, data-set-name
MISSING DATASET NAME
SYSVAR - External Function
Uses specific argument values to return information
about the user, terminal, language, system, exec and
console session
Example
say sysvar(sysuid)
displays the user id.
The arguments corresponding to user information are
SYSPREF - Prefix as defined in user profile
SYSPROC - Logon procedure of current session
SYSUID - User id of current session
SYSVAR - External Function
Terminal information
SYSLTERM - No of lines available on screen
SYSWTERM - Width of screen
Exec information
SYSENV - Whether exec is running in fore or background
SYSISPF - whether ISPF is active or not
System information
SYSRACF - Whether RACF is available
SYSNODE - Network node name
SYSTSOE - Level to TSO/E installed
Note : Only some of the variables are covered
REXX TSO/E Commands
REXX Command - EXECIO
Used to perform read and write operations against a
sequential dataset or a pds member
The data is either read from the data set and placed on the
data stack or into a list of variables, or written from the data
stack or a list of variables into the data set
Syntax for read operations :

EXECIO {lines *} DISKR ddname {linenum}
{ ( {{FINIS}} { STEM var {FINIS} } {)} }

Syntax for write operations :

EXECIO {lines *} DISKW ddname { ( {STEM var} {FINIS} {)} }
REXX Command - EXECIO
Example

/* read all lines in data set and display them */
Address TSO /* pass unknowns to TSO */
Parse Arg dsn /* get data set name */
"ALLOC DD(TEMP) DA("dsn") SHR" /* allocate file */
end_of_data = 0 /* negate end of file */
Do While end_of_data = 0
'EXECIO 1 DISKR TEMP ( FINIS' /* read a record onto stack */
If RC = 2 then end_of_data = 1 Else Nop /* set end-of-file? */
Pull line /* get line off stack */
Say line /* display line */
End

Note : This example uses the original REXX data stack.
REXX Command - EXECIO
/* Example 2 - copy a file into another */

Address TSO
"ALLOC F(IN) DA('SYS1.PROCBLIB(ASMHCL)') SHR"
"ALLOC F(OUT) DA(TATA001.DELETE.ME) SHR"
'EXECIO * DISKR IN (STEM DATA. FINIS' /* copy file into stem*/
Queue /* add null line to stack */
'EXECIO * DISKW OUT (STEM DATA. FINIS' /* copy using stem*/
"FREE F(IN,OUT)"
SAY No of lines in input : data.0
EXIT

Note : This example uses stem variable data to read the contents of input
file.The Number of lines read will be stored in data.0.
REXX Command -
NEWSTACK
used to create a new data stack in the REXX environment
When this command is executed, the current data stack is
saved and a new stack is created and made the current stack
When the stack is empty,the subsequent pull instruction
obtains input from the TSO terminal
When the stack has data elements,the pull instruction gets
the input from the top of the stack
Example
"NEWSTACK" /* creates new stack */
Push tcs /* puts tcs in top of stack */
Push uswest /* puts uswest over tcs */
pull data /* pulls data from the top of stack */
say from the stack data /* displays uswest */
pull data /* pulls data from top of stack */
say from the stack data /* displays tcs */
pull data /* obtains input from tso terminal */
"DELSTACK" /* delete stack */
REXX Command - DELSTACK
used to delete the data stack that was created last in the
REXX environment
When this command is executed the most recently created
stack is deleted and all elements on it are purged
If there is any previous data stack,that is made available
Example :
NEWSTACK /* new stack is created */
push a /* a is stored on top */
queue b /* b is stored at the bottom */
NEWSTACK /* new stack is created */
push c /* c is stored on top */
say queued() /* displays 1 */
DELSTACK /* deletes the current stack */
say queued() /* displays 2 */
DELSTACK /* deletes the stack */
FILE TAILORING
File Tailoring - Skeletons
Skeletons are members of a PDS that have variables and
fixed text.
The skeleton files can contain variable-length records,
with a maximum record length of 255.

Skeleton libraries are to be allocated to the application
library ddname ISPSLIB

Allocation can be done temporarily using ISPF service

address ispexec,
"LIBDEF ISPSLIB DATASET
ID('USAKRB.DMT.PHASE2.ISPSLIB') "

File Tailoring - FTOPEN
Allows skeleton files to be accessed from the skeleton library
specified by ddname ISPSLIB
If the output is to be saved in a PS or PDS , the particular
library has to allocated to the ddname ISPFILE
ISPEXEC FTOPEN [TEMP]
TEMP specifies whether the output is to be placed in
temporary file or not
The name of the temporary file will be stored in the profile
variable ZTEMPF
File Tailoring - FTINCL
Specifies the skeleton that is to be used to produce the file
tailoring output
Command invocation format
ISPEXEC FTINCL skel-name [NOFT]
NOFT specifies that no file tailoring is to be performed on
the skeleton.So the entire skeleton will be copied to the
output file exactly as is with no variable substitution or
interpretation of control records
NOFT can be used when there are no variables in the
skeleton to be included
File Tailoring - FTCLOSE
Used to terminate the file tailoring process and to indicate
the final disposition of file tailoring output
Command invocation format
ISPEXEC FTCLOSE [NAME(member-name)]
[LIBRARY(library)]
[NOREPL]
NOREPL specifies that FTCLOSE is not to overlay an
existing member in the output library

NAME specifies the name of the member in the output
library that is to contain the file tailoring output

LIBRARY specifies the name of a DD statement of the
output library in which the member-name exists.
File Tailoring - Example
Assume skeleton library as TATA.UTIL.SKELS
Skeleton member JOBSTMT
//&JOBNAME JOB (BILL01E0),TATA',NOTIFY=&&SYSUID,
// MSGCLASS=T,MSGLEVEL=(1,1)
Skeleton member SYNCSORT
//STEP01 EXEC PGM=SYNCSORT,REGION=400K
//SORTIN DD DISP=SHR,DSN=&OLDSRC
//SORTOUT DD DISP=SHR,DSN=&NEWSRC
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
SORT FIELDS=(1,10,CH,A)
/*
These are the two skeletons we will be using in the REXX
exec to build the sort jcl
File Tailoring - Example
/*REXX*/
"ispexec libdef ispslib dataset id(tata.util.skels')"
say 'enter the jobname :'
pull jobname
say 'enter old source dsn :'
pull oldsrc
say 'enter new source dsn :'
pull newsrc
"ispexec ftopen temp"
"ispexec ftincl jobstmt "
"ispexec ftincl syncsort "
"ispexec ftclose "
"ispexec vget (ztempf)"
"ispexec edit dataset('"ztempf"')"
exit
File Tailoring - Example
If you respond to the prompts for jobname,old dsname and
new dsname with jobsort,tata.old.file and tata.new.file
respectively,the tailored output will look like

//JOBSORT JOB (BILL01E0),TATA',NOTIFY=&SYSUID,
// MSGCLASS=T,MSGLEVEL=(1,1)
//STEP01 EXEC PGM=SYNCSORT,REGION=400K
//SORTIN DD DISP=SHR,DSN=TATA.OLD.FILE
//SORTOUT DD DISP=SHR,DSN=TATA.NEW.FILE
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
SORT FIELDS=(1,10,CH,A)
/*
Note that all three variables have been substituted with
appropriate values
Note the single ampersand in the NOTIFY parameter
File Tailoring Sample Skeleton
//ASM EXEC PGM=IFOX00,REGION=128K,
// PARM=(&ASMPARMS)
//SYSIN DD DSN=&ASMIN(&MEMBER),DISP=SHR
//SYSLIB DD DSN=SYS1.MACLIB,DISP=SHR
)SEL &ASMMAC1 = &Z
// DD DSN=&ASMMAC1,DISP=SHR
)SEL &ASMMAC2 = &Z
// DD DSN=&ASMMAC2,DISP=SHR
)ENDSEL
)ENDSEL
//SYSUT1 DD UNIT=SYSDA,SPACE=(CYL,(5,2))
//SYSUT2 DD UNIT=SYSDA,SPACE=(CYL,(2,1))
//SYSUT3 DD UNIT=SYSDA,SPACE=(CYL,(2,1))
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=(&ASMPRT)
)CM IF USER SPECIFIED "GO," WRITE OUTPUT IN TEMP DATA SET
)CM THEN IMBED "LINK AND GO" SKELETON
)SEL &GOSTEP = YES
//SYSGO DD DSN=&&&&OBJSET,UNIT=SYSDA,SPACE=(CYL,(2,1)),
// DISP=(MOD,PASS)
)IM LINKGO
)ENDSEL
)CM ELSE (NOGO), WRITE OUTPUT TO USER DATA SET
)SEL &GOSTEP = NO
//SYSGO DD DSN=&ASMOUT(&MEMBER),DISP=OLD
)ENDSEL
//*
ISPF Services
LMINIT ISPF Service
Generate data id for a dataset

Example

Address ISPEXEC
LMINIT DATAID(DDVAR) DATASET(HCL.REXX.TEXT')
ENQ(SHR)

LMMOVE ISPF Service
Used for moving member(s) from one dataset to another
dataset

Example

Address ISPEXEC
LMMOVE FROMID(from-data-id)
[FROMMEM(from-member-name)]
TODATAID(to-data-id)
[TOMEM(to-member-name)]
[REPLACE]

LMCOPY ISPF Service
The LMCOPY service copies members of a partitioned data
set, or copies an entire sequential data set.

Example

Address ISPEXEC
LMCOPY FROMID(from-data-id)
[FROMMEM(from-member-name)]
TODATAID(to-data-id)
[TOMEM(to-member-name)]
[REPLACE]

LMCMP ISPF Service
Used for compressing a dataset

Example

Address ISPEXEC
LMCOMP DATAID(data-id)

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