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Calculation of M
r
and F
r
The term relative molecular mass, M
r
can only
be used for substances that are made up of
molecules.
For ionic compound, the term relative formula
mass, F
r
is used
M
r
or F
r
can be calculated by adding up the
relative atomic masses of all the atoms present in
a molecule of the substance.
Calculation of M
r
or F
r
Example 1:
Calculate the molecular mass of water.
[ A
R
: H,1 ; O, 16]
Solution:
The formula of water is H
2
O
M
r
H
2
O = 2H + O
= 2(1) + 16
= 18
Example 2:
Calculate the relative molecular mass of ammonia.
[ A
R
: N,14 ; H,1 ]
Solution:
Formula of ammonia is NH
3
M
r
of NH
3
= N + 3H
= 14 + 3(1)
= 17
Calculation of M
r
or F
r
Example 3:
Calculate the relative molecular mass of carbon
dioxide.
[A
R
: C, 12 ; O,16 ]
Solution:
The formula of carbon dioxide is CO
2
M
r
CO
2
= C + 2O
= 12 + 2(16)
= 44
Calculation of Mr or Fr
Example 4:
Calculate the relative molecular mass of ethanol,
C
2
H
5
OH.
[ A
R
: C, 12; H, 1; O,16 ]
Solution:
M
r
of C
2
H
5
OH = 2C + 5H + O + H
= 2(12) + 5(1) + 16 + 1
= 46
Calculation of Mr or Fr
Calculation of Mr or Fr
Example 5:
Calculate the relative molecular mass of sodium
chloride
[ A
R
: Na,23 ; Cl,35.5 ]
Solution:
The formula of sodium chloride is NaCl
A
R
of NaCl = Na + Cl
= 23 + 35.5
= 58.5
Calculation of Mr or Fr
Example 6
Calculate the relative molecular mass of aluminium
sulphate.
[ A
R
: Al,27 ; S, 32 ; O,16 ]
Solution:
The formula of aluminium sulphate ialah
Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
M
r
of Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
= 2 Al + 3 SO
4
= 2(27) + 3[ 32 + 4(16) ]
= 342
Calculation of Mr or Fr
Example 7:
Calculate the relative molecular mass of hydrated
copper(II)sulphate.
[ A
R
: Cu,64 ; S, 32 ; O,16 ]
Solution:
The formula of hydrated copper (II) sulphate is
CuSO
4
.5H
2
O
F
r
of CuSO
4
. 5H
2
O = Cu + S + 4O + 5H
2
O
= 64 + 32 + 4(16) + 5[2(1) +16]
= 250