Module 3

LTE Fundaments
Expectations
User
Operator Expectations

Discuss the future
Technology Comparisons
LTE/SAE
Concept
Main requirements

Network Architecture Evolution
LTE key features.
LTE Air Interface
3GPP specification work
Agenda
Rel.99 to LTE
Roadmap
Fully packet-oriented

Peak data rates of 150 Mbps (DL)
Peak data rates of 50 Mbps (UL)
Very low latency
Seamless and lossless handover
Sophisticated QoS to support
important real time applications
such as voice, video and
interactive gaming
Support for terminal speeds of
150-500 Km/h
Cell ranges of up to 100 Km.

Reduced cost per bit
Simplified Architecture
All IP

Maximised utilization of
frequency Resources
Supports flexible data support
techniques like OFDM, MIMO,
HARQ etc.

Interworking Functionality,
seamless mobility
with 3GPP and 3GPP2 systems

Reduced Terminal Complexity
Minimize power consumption


LTE Benefits
6.8 Billion Mobile-cellular subscriptions
In 2013, there are almost as many mobile-cellular subscriptions as people in the world, with
more than half in the Asia-Pacific region (3.5 billion out of 6.8 billion total subscriptions)
Mobile Subscriptions
Global Traffic in Mobile Networks
Data traffic doubled between Q1 2012 and Q1 2013
Population Coverage by Technology
LTE will cover around 60 percent of the Worlds
population by 2018
LTE has now been launched on all continents, by 156 operators active in 67
countries
LTE Coverage
LTE Summary GSA
Device Connectivity
34 Percent of Global Tablets will be Cellular
Connected by 2017
Technology Comparison
LTE Offerings
Peak Data rate
300 Mbps DL/ 75 Mbps UL (20 MHz)

Latency: Less than 10 ms
Mobility support
0 ~ 15 Km/h
15 Km/h ~ 120 Km/h
120 Km/h ~ 350 Km/h
350 Km/h ~ 500 Km/h

Enhanced MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast
Service)
Spectrum flexibility: 1.4 MHz ~ 20 MHz
Enhanced Support for E2E QoS
3G Vs 4G
Architectural Change
LTE Architecture
Key Features
Multiple Access Scheme
DL: OFDMA with CP
UL: Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) with CP
Adaptive Modulation and Coding
DL/UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
Convolutional code and Rel-6 turbo code
Advanced MIMO Techniques
(2 or 4)x(2 or 4) downlink and uplink supported
Multi-user MIMO also supported.

Support for both FDD and TDD
H-ARQ, Mobility Support, Rate Control, Security
Scalable bandwidths, from 1.4MHz up to 20MHz
OFDM is the state-of-the-art and most efficient and robust air interface
Fast Link Adaptation
due to channel behaviour
Short TTI = 1 ms
Transmission
time interval
Advanced Scheduling
Time & Freq.
TX RX
Tx Rx
MIMO
Channel
DL: OFDMA
UL: SC-FDMA
scalable
ARQ Automatic
Repeat Request
64QAM
Modulation
LTE Overview
Basic Unit
Uplink Downlink
Bandwidth
up to 20MHz
Duplex Frequency
f
t
Bandwidth
up to 20MHz
Guard
Period
f
t
Downlink
Upwnlink
Bandwidth
up to 20MHz
FDD and TDD
Downlink Downlink
Uplink
Uplink
FDD
TDD
Time
Frequency
Throughput
DL
DL
UL
UL
Only this is
needed
Wasted
We get what we need
Downlink
throughput is also
affected
FDD and TDD
Harmonization Differences
Both are included in same
specification

Same radio interface
schemes for both uplink
and downlink

Same sub-frame formats
Same network
architecture

Same air interface
protocols

Same physical channels
procedures


FDD developed in the paired
3GPP spectrum

TDD developed in the unpaired
3GPP spectrum

Small differences in the
physical channels design

Different frame formats

FDD mode has commonalities
with 3G UMTS
TDD mode has commonalities
with TD-SCDMA (developed in
China)
FDD and TDD
Demand for higher
data rates
Demand for quality of
service, lower delay
Expected new spectrum
allocations
Request for flexible
bandwidth usage
Demand for reduced
terminal complexity
Input
significantly increased downlink bit
rates (~300 Mbps);
significantly increased uplink bit
rates (~75Mbps);
increased cell edge bit rates;
low delay
higher spectrum efficiency;
scalable bandwidth per cell
(operator choice)
acceptable terminal complexity and
costs (lower than WCDMA)
optimization for low speed (0-15
km/h) but support for high and
highest speed (up to 500 km/h)
Achievable
Requirement
Bands- FDD/TDD
Terminals
UE Categories
All categories support 20 MHz
64QAM mandatory in downlink, but not in uplink
(except Class 5)
2x2 MIMO mandatory in other classes except Class 1
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5
10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps 100/50 Mbps 150/50 Mbps 300/75 Mbps Peak rate DL/UL
20 MHz RF bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz
64QAM Modulation DL 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM
16QAM Modulation UL 16QAM

64QAM 16QAM

16QAM

Yes

Rx diversity Yes Yes Yes Yes
1-4 tx BTS tx diversity
Optional MIMO DL 2x2 4x4 2x2 2x2
1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx
3GPP Phase Manner
LTE Phases
LTE Specifications
Thank you