Witricity

Wireless electricity
Wireless transmission of energy using:
Electromagnetic radiation, like
radio waves
Directed electromagnetic
radiation, like lasers
Inductive coupling, like
transformers
Each of these has its own
inherent drawbacks
Resonant inductive coupling
Resonance", a phenomenon that causes an object to vibrate
when energy of a certain frequency is applied.
Resonance is the tendency of a system to oscillate at its
maximum amplitude, associated with specific frequencies
known as the system's resonance frequencies (or resonant
frequencies).
Two resonant objects of the same frequency they tend to
couple very strongly.
Energy can tunnel from one object to another when they
resonate at the same frequencies.


Tesla coil
A Tesla coil is a type of resonant transformer
circuit invented by Serbian-American
scientist Nicola Tesla around 1891.
It is usually used to generate very high
voltage, low current, high frequency
alternating current electricity.
A Tesla coil consists of two, or sometimes
three, coupled resonant electric circuits, but
is difficult to define precisely, as Tesla
experimented with a large variety of coils and
configurations.
Circuit
Near and far fields
The near field and far field of an antenna or other
isolated source of electromagnetic radiation are
regions around the source where different parts of
the field are relatively more or less important.
The boundary between the two regions is only
vaguely defined, and depends on the dominant
wavelength () emitted by the source.
Roughly speaking, the near field is the region within
a radius, r<, while the far field is the region for
which , r>.
The key researcher
Marin Soljacic
Marin Soljacic was the
leader of the team of
researches from MIT
who had found out a
means of transmitting
electricity to electrical
gadgets without using
any wires.
Transmitter
Receiver
First experiment
First experiment
This experiment was done using two
copper coils of diameter two feet, a
transmitter that was attached to a
power source and a receiver that was
placed about seven feet from the
transmitter.
This receiver was attached to a light
bulb and once power was switched on
at the transmitter, the bulb lit up
despite there being no physical
connection between the transmitter
and receiver.
A capacitor stores energy in the
electric field between its plates,
depending on the voltage across it,
An inductor stores energy in its
magnetic field, depending on the
current through it
A simple LC circuit:
The concept
Curved coil of wire as an inductor
A capacitance plate, which can hold a charge,
attaches to each end of the coil.
1) Power from mains to antenna, which is made of copper

2) Antenna resonates at a frequency of 6.4MHz, emitting
electromagnetic waves

3) 'Tails' of energy from antenna 'tunnel' up to 5m (16.4ft)

4) Electricity picked up by laptop's antenna, which must also be
resonating at 6.4MHz. Energy used to re-charge device

5) Energy not transferred to laptop re-absorbed by source
antenna. People/other objects not affected as not resonating
at 6.4MHz

Merits

Power lost to surroundings is comparatively
less
Relatively safe
No need to have an uninterrupted line of sight
And finally the most important of them all,
No wires!!
Demerits

A debatable issue whether its safe living in a
house with low power witricity network.
Need for wireless power transmission
Electrical power accounts for much of the energy consumed.
Much of this power is wasted during transmission from power
plant generators to the consumer.
Present system of electrical distribution is only 70-74% efficient.
This method would eliminate the need for an inefficient, costly,
and capital intensive grid of cables, towers, and substations.
Calculated to be 90-94% efficient.
Reduce the cost of electrical energy
The tangle of cables and plugs needed to recharge today's
electronic gadgets is very hectic for a home which is not well
organized.

Automatic
recharge!
The most important
application
Witricity, the power to
cut the cord
Any questions???