Seerah of Prophet

Mohammad (SAW)

Meccan Period
 Why to study the Seerah of
Prophet Mohammad (SAW)?
 Islamic movement led by the Prophet(SAW)
brought a divine message of salvation and success.
 It addresses the issues and problems of this world
and gives logical solutions.
 Its message is universal.
 Its influence is ever increasing.
 His message and Seerah are preserved like no one
else in the history.
 Situation at the time of his
Prophethood.
 World was divided politically into two camps,i.e.,Persian
and Roman empires.
 Persians worshipped stars and fire.
 Romans had Christians believing in trinity and also idol
and star worshippers.
 Indians were Hindus worshipping idols.
 Jews had lost their original books and were sticking with
their rigid rituals.
 Arabs were worshipping idols. They had a tribal
system.Their society was infested with immorality,
injustice and crimes.
 Advantages for Dawah
amongst Arabs.
 Strategic central location of Arabia.
 Arabic language was most suitable.
 Qualities of the Arabs.

1-Free of political domination.

2-Bravery
3-Determination, sincerity.
4-Intellectual faculties.
5-Unique memory, generosity, honor, pragmatism.
 Some difficulties for Dawah
amongst the Arabs
 Illiteracy
 Blind following of the forefathers
 Polytheism or SHIRK
 Mutual fights and tribal rivalries
 Immorality and illegitimate means of
earning.
Beginning of the Prophethood.
 Seclusion in Hira cave.
 First revelation. Ayat of Surah Qalam.
 Khadija ® consoles him.
 Meeting with Warqa bin Nofil.
 Interval of 6 months.
 Second revelation. 7 ayat of Surah
Mudassar.
 Stages of Islamic Movement
 Meccan. It has 4 distinct periods.
1-Secret Dawah. 3 years.
2-Open Dawah. 2 years.
3-Persecution. 5 years.
4-Extreme oppression. 3years.
 Madani.
 Secret Dawah
 Selected people with close relationship.
Khadija, Ali, Zaid, Abu Bakr,
 Characteristics of early Quranic Surahs.

Small effective ayat, best reasoning & style,

 Reformation of beliefs.
 Secret Salaahs.
 Characteristics of the believers.
 Open Dawah
 Proclamation on Safa.
 Dinner for Abdul Muttalib Family.
 Ridicule
 False accusations and propaganda.
 Name calling.
 Open Dawah (Cont'd)
 Proclamation in HARAM.(Harith bin Abi Hala dies protecting
the Prophet)
 Reasons for opposition
1-Perceived as a threat to their power.
2-Their moral weaknesses were being exposed.
 Opponents strategy
1-Killing of one Muslim could lead tribal wars.
2-They chose to call names and spread false rumors.
 How the Prophet faced this situation.
1-Answered the objections.2- Continue his work.
 Open Dawah (Contd)
 People from other tribes accept Islam.
(AbuZar)
 Offers made by pagans.(Utbah bin Rabi)
 Open Dawah(Contd)
Results of this period
 Some righteous individuals joined the
movement to struggle for its success.
 Many others became its opponents.
 Its message started reaching outside the
limits of Mecca.
 Persecution
 Khabbab bin Arat (Slave of Umm Anmar)
Forced to lay on burning coal till it cooled off.
 Bilal bin Rabah ( Slave of Umaya bin Khalf).Forced to
lie on hot sand with heavy rock on his chest.
 Ammar® was beaten lying on hot sand.
 Lubneya® was beaten by Omar till he would get tired.
 Zubera® was beaten by Abu Jahl till she was blind
 Consequences of this
persecution.
 Common people developed sympathies with the
persecuted.
 Caused curiosity amongst others to know more about
this movement.
 Movement was spreading in every home in Mecca
and beyond its boundaries.
 Best people of the society were being attracted to the
movement.
 Clear positive changes in the character of believers
 Migration to Habasha(Africa)
 5thNabawi year. 11men and 4 women.
 Meccans sent delegation to Najjashi
 Jafar bin Abi Talib’s speech.
 Meccan delegation’s tactic. (Position of Isa)
 83 Muslims migrate to Habasha.
 Najjashi (As’hama) became Muslim.
 When Najjashi died, Prophet did Janaza.
 Persecution (Contd)
 Abu Jahl mistreats the Prophet(SAW)
 Hamza® accepts Islam.
 Omar® joins the movement.
 Sanctions against Bani Hashim
 Isolation in Shi’b Abi Talib.(7th Nabawi) for
three years.
Subjects of Quranic Surahs in
this time period.
 Believers were told their duties.
 They were instructed about highest conduct.
 Jamaah and its collective conduct
 Ways of effective Dawah.
 Sabr in face of most difficult circumstances.
 Built their morale by promising Jannah and
ultimate success in this world.
 Opponents were admonished and warned
 Replies were given to the objections.
 4- Extreme Oppression
3 years.
 10th Nabawi. Amul Huzn (Year of sorrow)

1-Death of Abu Talib

2-Death of Khadija ®
 4
 Travel to Taif
 Meeting with people during Haj and Fairs
 Lailatun Nakhla. Jinns accept Islam. (Ahqaf)
 6 people of Khazraj accept Islam at Uqbah during
Haj.(10th Nabawi)
 Baya Uqba Ula.(11th Nabawi) 12 people accepted
Islam from Madina. Musab bin Umair sent as
teacher to Madina.
 4
 Baya Uqbah Thani.12th Nabawi.72 people
accepted Islam and pledged their support.
 Extreme opposition and persecution of the
Prophet(S).
Miracles of the Prophet(SAW)
 Definition. Extraordinary supernatural event
or incidence shown by Allah as evidence
for the Prophethood.
 Major miracle is a final evidence and if
people do not believe, usually there is Azab.
 Prophet Mohammad and the Sahaba had a
desire for miracle. (Sura Al Anaam:35)
 Miracles
 Quran
 Akhlaq Rasool
 Splitting of the moon. (Shaqqul Qamar)
Sura Qamar, Bukhari and Muslim.
 Miraj (12th Nabawi)
Prophet(SAW) traveled from Meccah to
Jerusalem (Isra) and then from Jerusalem to
the heavens (Miraj).
 Miraj
 1st Heaven. Adam
 2nd Heaven.Yahya and Isa.
 3rd Heaven. Yusuf.
 4th Heaven.Idrees.
 5th Heaven.Haroon.
 6th Heaven.Musa.
 7th Heaven.Ibrahim.Talked to Allah.
 Miraj
 Gifts of Miraj.
1- 50 Salaat reduced to 5.
2- Last ayat of Surah Baqara.
3- 14 Commandments in Surah Isra.Good
news that the time of persecution will soon
be over.
4-If a Muslim avoids Shirk, he will eventually
enter Jannah.
 Subjects of Quranic Suras in
this time period.
 This persecution is a temporary phase.
 Akhira is the best place for Muttaqeen.
 Prophets before faced persecution with Sabr
 Allah’s Method has been to test the Muslims.
 This test develops the highest qualities.
 When the believers succeed, then Allah’s Help
shall come.
 Preparation for Hijrah.
 Migration
 Hijra is moving to another place where one
can better fulfill the demands of Islam.
 A Muslim can live under system of Kufr:

1-If one can not get out of the oppression.

2- If he struggles to bring Islamic change.
 Prophet (SAW) gave permission for
migration in the face of persecution.
 Prophet(SAW) migrates.
 He let Ali to sleep on his bed and to pay the
amanat to their owners.
 Left in the company of Abu Bakr.
 Stay in cave of Thowr for 3 days.
 Pagans follow him and announce bounty.
 He came out of the cave on 4th day and
travelled for one day and night.
 Meeting with Suraqa bin Jasam.
 Prophet (SAW) arrives in
Madina.
 Quba (3 miles from Madina).He built a
masjid here.
 Welcome in Madina.
 Stayed at Abu Ayub Ansari’s house for 7M.
 Masjid Nabawi was constructed.
 Mawakhat (Brotherhood) between Ansaars
and Muhajiroon.