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Outline
4.1 AC voltage controllers
4.2 Other AC controllers
4.3 Thyristor cycloconverters
4.4 Matrix converters
u1
io
O
uo
R uo
O
io
The phase shift range
(operation range of phase
delay angle):
O
u VT
2U sint dt U
1
sin2
2
(4-1)
(4-2)
U1 1
1 2U 1 sin t
sin 2
IT
d
(
1
2
R
R
2
(4-3)
P UoIo Uo
S U1 I o U1
1
sin 2
2
(4-4)
O
io
uG1
VT2
R
u1
uo
L
O
uG2
O
uo
O
io
uVT
O
140
/()
Solution
t
2U1
tg
io
sin(t ) sin( )e
Z
90
=
75
605
4
30 5
1
0
180
Considering io =0 when t= +
(4-6)
100
60
20
0
We have
sin( ) sin( )e
tg
(4-7)
20
60
100
/()
140
180
4-3
The RMS value of output voltage, output current, and thyristor current can then be
calculated.
Ua0'
a
ua VT
3
n
ub
ia
VT4
b
VT5
uc
ua
n'
VT6
c
ua
ia
ub
ub
uc
ub
uc
Y connection
b
c
VT2
ua
uc
c
Branch-controlled connection
VT3
n
ub
uc
VT5
Ua0'
a
VT4
b
n'
VT6
c
VT 2
VT1
VT2
u1
io
Conduction
uo angle =
2 U1
uo
R O
M
2
M
2N
M
u1
uo,io
3
M
4
M
Line period
Control period = M *Line period
= 2
0.6
There is NO
harmonics in the
ordinary sense.
There is harmonics
as to the control
frequency. As to the
line frequency, these
components become
fractional harmonics.
0.5
0.4
IO/I0m
0.3
0.2
0.1
2
8 10 12 14
Harmonic order as to
control frequency
0
Harmonic order as to
line frequency
iC
C
VT2
uC
VT1
us
us
uVT 1
t
VT1
iC
VT2
t1
t2
The voltage across the thyristor must be nearly zero when switching in the
capacitor, and the current of the thyristor must be zero when switching
out the capacitor.
TSC with the electronic switch realized by a thyristor and an antiparallel diode
uVT
uC
iC
VT
us
C
VD
us
uC
uVT
VD
iC
VT
t 1 t2 t 3 t 4
AC chopper
Modes of operation
VD 1
V1
i1
u1
V2
VD 2
V3
VD 3
VD 4
uo
V4
R
L
N
Z
uo
ap =
Output
voltage
Average
ap=0
output voltage
ap=
u o,io
O t1
iP
uP
uo
t2
t4
t3
t5
iN
uN
uo
uP
io
io
uN
t
uo
O
iP
P
N
O
iN
Rectifi
Inver
cation
sion
blocking
blocking
Rectifi
Inver
cation
sion
Typical waveforms
uo
t
io
O
t
1
3
2
6
5
u o U d0 cos
(4-15)
u 2 u3 u 4 u 5 u6
u1
t
output
uo U om sinot
(4-16)
cos
U om
sin o t sin o t
U d0
therefore
(4-17)
cos 1 ( sin o t )
(4-18)
Principle of cosine
wave-crossing method
150
Uom
120
(0 1)
Ud 0
/( )
90
60
30
0
3 2 t
2
2
Output voltage phase angle
4-24
Typical waveforms
Output voltage
200 t/ms
200 t/ms
200 t/ms
Circuit configuration
input
b
c
u
S1
S1
S1
S2
S2
S2
S ij
v
output
w
S3
S3
S3
a)
b)
Features