Different types of materials used in construction

Stones
Wood
Glass
Plastic
Metal
Bricks
Paints
Fibre
Hardware
Etc.

What is hardware?

Metal products used in construction

Fixtures, equipment, tools used for general
purpose construction and repair of a
structure or object.
Such as nails ,bolts , hinges etc.
Such equipment as sold as stock by a store
called hardware store.

Purpose of using hardware

Provide better appearance
Makes the object functional
Used as a connector
Types of hardware based on their uses
Rough hardware- In building construction, hardware
meant to be concealed, such as bolts, nails, screws,
spikes.

Finish hardware- such as hinges, locks, tower bolt,

latches, etc., that has a finished appearance as well as a
function, esp. that used with doors, windows, and
cabinets; may be considered part of the decorative
treatment of a room or building.

Rough
hardware

Finish
hardware

Finish hardware
Finish hardware can be divided into
functional and decorative hardware.

Functional hardware makes object functional or

easy to use. For ex. Slider, hinges , metal plates.

Decorative hardware gives better appearance to

object. For ex. Matching hinges, handles , latches.

Material used for

hardware

COPPER

STAINLESS STEEL

WOOD

BRASS

Alluminium

Types of handles

Drawer slides

Tips to choose hardware products

It should be smooth appearance.
It can be able to bear weight of object.
There is no abnormal sound.
Material should be good.
It must be able to stand with corrosion, rust
and damage.
Easy to use.

GLASS
Glass is Amorphous Brittle, Transparent /
Translucent, Good electrical insulator ,
Unaffected by air, water, acid or chemical
reagents definite crystal structure means
glass has high compressive strength Can
absorb, transmit and reflect light.
It has highly shining appearance and takes
good polishing.

Uses of glass
For glazing doors and windows.
Used for decoration.
Used for sound heat insulation.
Used for electric bulbs, cooking utensils and
laboratory equipments.
Used for partition walls.
Used for cabinets, show cases, shop fronts.
Used for making furniture pieces.
Used as a fire retarder.

composition of glass
Lime - gives durability and hardness.
Soda - accelerates fusion of glass.
Potash - gives fire resisting property.
Lead oxide - gives colour
Silica major constituent
Cullet broken glass / glass chips

CLASSIFICATION OF GLASS

Based upon composition

Borosilicate glass uses for utensils.
Soda lime glass - window glass, test tubes
etc.
Lead glass use for electrical bulbs, tubes
etc.

BASED UPON COMMERCIAL USES

Sheet glass
Plate glass
Coloured glass
Wired glass
Structural glass
Laminated glass
Bullet proof glass
Fibre glass
Flint glass
Decorative glass
Antilio glass
Toughned glass

Applications on glass
Texture
Toughened
Etching
Staining
Aciding
Digital printing
Etc.

PLASTICS

Plastic is the generic name for a family of synthetic

materials derived from petrochemicals. It is often product
of two or more components.
There are many families of plastics and polymers being
used in construction industry. Examples of plastics used
in building are:
Acrylic
Composites
Expanded Polystyrene
Polycarbonate
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyvinyl Chloride

PROPERTIES

Plastics have properties that make ideal building materials. Some of these
properties are:
Plastics are strong yet lightweight, and so they are easy to transport &
man oeuvre.
They are durable, knock-and scratch resistant with excellent weather
ability.
They do not rot or corrode.
Plastics are easy to install; many have a snap-fit kind of jointing
procedures.
Plastics offer limitless possibilities in design achieved by extrusion,
bending, moulding etc.
They can be given any range of colours by adding pigments.
The plastics are low conductors of heat and thus are used as insulation
materials in green building concepts.
The plastics products can achieve tight seals.
They can be sawn and nailed employing standard carpentry tools and
skills.
They can be easily removed and recycled.
They are bad conductors of electricity.

 THE ADVANTAGES OF PLASTICS

1. Excellent electrical insulation properties.

2. Good insulation properties.
3. Certain plastics has good chemical
resistance.
4. Good resistance to shock and vibration.
5. Transparent and translucent.
6. Easily coloured.
7. Easily assembled or jointed.
8. Repairing the self lubricating.
9. Good wear and scratch resistance.

 THE DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTICS

Plastics may be degraded under the action of
direct sunlight which reduces their mechanical
strength.
Many plastics are flammable unless treated.
High embodied energy content
Low modulus of elasticity: makes them
unsuitable for load-bearing applications.
Thermoplastics are subject to creep and soften
at moderate temperatures.
Thermal expansion for most plastics is high:
adequate thermal movement has to be allowed
in detailing.

Uses of plastics
Some of examples are Products of Plastics in Construction industry
are as below
Pipes : Electrical Conduits, Rain Water & Sewage pipes,
Plumbing, Gas Distributions.
Cabels : PVC Insulation on cables, Insulation Tapes .
Floorings : Flooring tiles & Rolls .
Domes / sky lights : Opaque as well as transparent.
Roofing : Coloured or Double skinned for insulation.
Windows & doors : Extruded sections for Door and windows and
panels.
Storage tanks : Storage tanks.
Hardware accessories : Washers, Nut bolts, Sleeves, Anchoring
wires.
Temporary structures: Guard cabins, tents
Insulation materials: PVC sheets, insulating membranes.