An Introduction to Business Law

Scope of Business Law

WHAT IS IT All ABOUT
It revolves around the standards that govern
relationships among individuals and between
people and governments. In broader
spectrum, it includes every rule or regulation
that affects the way in which individuals and
organizations conduct business.

Business LAW
Purpose/ Objectives
Understanding by the business managers of the
nature of legal system of Pakistan and functions
of our legal system
Understanding prime law of land- Constitution
Constitutional guarantees, constraints with
respect to business.
Law and process of legislation
Cognizance of Contractual rights & obligations

Business LAW
Purpose/ Objectives
Knowledge of legal requirements to organize a
particular type of business.
Course is designed to meet the requirements
of business managers.
Basic purpose is to develop critical and legal
understanding amongst the participants and
legal appreciation of various events/business
activities and scenarios .

Starting Point

What is Law
Sources of Law
Objectives of Law
Analysis of Law

Significance of Law
Significance/Importance of Law
Law is to maintain rights, uphold justice
and redress wrongs. Law ensures public order,
balance, harmony, peace and tranquility
amongst the persons within the state and
inter-states

Significance of Law
Law signifies a rule of action and is applied to
all kinds of action.
We are familiar with laws of nature, laws of
mechanics, laws of motion. We are also
conversant of laws of honor, laws of morality
and so many other laws.

Glimpse of Some Statutes

Criminal Procedure Code. (Cr PC)
Civil Procedure Code (CPC)
Contract Act.
Banking Companies Ordinance
Sales Tax Act
Companies Ordinance etc.
Above are statutory enactments enforced by
Courts of law, in a system/society.
Hence law denotes entire body of legal principles
prevailing in a particular system/society.

Law -- Defined
Law is not right alone or might alone, but a
perfect combination between two.
(Salmond)
Law is the command of sovereign containing
a common rules of life for his subjects and
obliging them to obedience
(John Erskine)

Coercion is a weapon of law which law has

forged, but it is not the basis of law
(De Montmorency)

Law -- Defined
Law is the body of principles recognized or
enforced by public or regular tribunals in the
administration of justice
(Pound)
Law is the system of rights and obligations
which the state enforces
(Green)

Law -- Defined
You will not mistake my meaning or suppose
that I depreciate one of the great human
studies if I say that we can not learn law by
learning law. If it is to be any thing more than
just a technique it is to be so much more than
itself; a part of history & sociology, a part of
ethics and philosophy of life
(Lord Radcliff)

Criminal offence Versus Civil Liability

Crime is an offence prohibited by law e-g;
trespassing, theft, Murder etc. In a criminal
case State is usually the prosecutor. Persons
proven guilty of crime are punished by fines or
imprisonment or both. In criminal trial burden
of proof to convict the accused rests with the
state, which must prove its case beyond
reasonable doubt.

Civil liability
Civil liability arises out of breach of obligations
e-g; breach of agreement, non payment of
loan as per terms of loan agreement. Civil law
regulates the disputes over the rights and
obligations of persons. In civil proceedings
case must be proved on the balance of
probability.
Plaintiff person who files the suit
Defendant/ Respondent Person against
whom suit is filed

Substantive Law
Substantive law defines rights.
This branch of law concerns the purposes and
subject matter of litigations.
It is concerned with
administration of justice.

the

objects

of

Procedural Law
It determines the process for remedies or
procedures for enforcement of rights in
courts.

It governs the process of litigation or relates to

actions or proceedings of civil or criminal
nature.

Procedural Law
Procedural law governs the relations between
court and litigants.
It deals with affairs in the courts.