Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad

Image Reconstruction Using

Legendre Moment

Under the guidance of:

Dr. Sushanta Mukhopadhyay
Associate Professor

Presented By:
Priyanka Pathak
Admn No.- 2013MT0046
M Tech. (Computer Science & Engineering)

Contents

Introduction
Related Work
Approaches and Algorithm
Results and Analysis
Conclusion
Future Scope
Reference

Introduction
Moment
Properties
Extract Global Features
Moments used:
o Orthogonal Moments
o Non-Orthogonal Moments

Cont..
Teague has suggested :o Zernike Moment
o Legendre Moment

Features of Orthogonal Moments:o Discretization error

o Zero Distribution

Cont..
Least Redundancy
Reconstruction techniques are useful
o medicine,
Biology,
earth
science,
archaeology, materials science, and nondestructive testing.
Biomedical Image- restrict pixels

Legendre Moments
Definition
Redefining the image co-ordinates (x,y) of the scale
image as- (Legendre Moments)
Where xi = xi+1 xi, yj =
yj+1 yj are sampling intervals
in the x- and y-directions.

Main characteristicsOrthogonality
Orthogonal Invariance
Zero- Crossing

Legendre moments of order (p + q) for an image with intensity

function f(x, y) defined as:

(1)

Where Pp(x) is the pth order Legendre polynomial defined as(2)

And the recursive form obeys as:

(3)

Cont..
So,
(4)

Image reconstruction using Legendre moments

The image function f (x, y) can be written as over the square [1, 1] [1, 1]:

(5)

Cont
(6)

(7)

Related Work

Methods applied for image reconstruction.

Two-dimensional geometric moments (GMs)
Complex moments (CMs)
Non-orthogonal (both)

Teague also Proposed Reconstruction

methods

Legendre Moments Method

Therefore, in final we were using the below eq. to compute
Legendre Moments:

Efficient Legendre Moment Algo.

An algorithm for computing the two-dimensional Legendre
moments Lpq for a gray-level image of size N N will be
presented asStep 1: Compute

Step 2: Compute
The matrix {yi} is a column matrix with dimension N.
Step 3: Start with q = 0 to Max
Construct the matrix Q
Step 4: Start with q = 2 to Max
Compute Yiq

Step 5: Start with q = 0 to Max

Compute

Step 6: Start with p = 1 to Max and q = 0 to

Max p
Compute Lpq

RESULT AND
ANALYSIS

Input

Order 10

Order 15

Order 5

Input

Order 10

Performance Analysis
MSE (mean Squared error)
PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)

CONCLUSION AND
FUTURE SCOPE
(1)Simple
(2)The independence form geometric moments.
(3)Reduction in computation
Easily reconstruct images whether its a gray scale image or binary
image with less redundancy.
The method still takes time.
divide the image in blocks and the design the new algorithm

REFERENCES
[1] P. T. Yap and R. Paramesaran, (2005), An Efficient Method for the
Computation of Legendre Moments, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Recognition and
Machine Intelligence, Vol.27 No.12, pp.1996-2002.
[2] Khalid M. Hosney, (2007) Exact Legendre moments computation for gray level
images, Pattern Recognition, Vol. 40, pp. 3597-3605.
[3] S. X. Liao and M. Pawlak, "On image analysis by moments", IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal.
Machine Intell., vol. 18, pp. 254-266, 1996.
[4] B. Fu, J. Zhoua, Y. Lia, G. Zhang, C. Wang, Image analysis by modified Legendre
moments, Pattern Recognition, 40 (2) (2007), pp. 691704
[5] G.A. Papakostas, E.G. Karakasis, D.E. Koulouriotis, Exact and speedy computation of
Legendre moments on binary images, in: 8th International Workshop on Image Analysis
for Multimedia Interactive Services (WIAMIS07), June 68, Santorini, Greece, 2007, p.
48.
[6] G.Y. Yang, H.Z. Shu, C. Toumoulin, G.N. Han, L.M. Luo, Efficient Legendre moment
computation for grey level images, Pattern Recognition, 39 (1) (2006), pp. 7480
[7] M.K. Hu, Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants, IRE Trans. Inf. Theory, 8
(2) (1962), pp. 179187.

CONT..
[8] Y.S. Abu-Mostafa, D. Psaltis, Image normalization by complex moments, IEEE
Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. (PAMI), 7 (1) (1985), pp. 4655.
*9+ M.R. Teague, Image analysis via the general theory of moments , J. Opt. Soc. Am.,
70 (8) (1980), pp. 920930
[10] F. Ghorbel, S. Derrode, S. Dhahbi, R. Mezhoud, Reconstructing with geometric
moments, in: Proceedings of International Conference on Machine Intelligence
(ACIDCA-ICMI'05), Tozeur, Tunisia, 2005.

*11+ J. Flusser, B. Zitova, T. Suk, Moments and Moment Invariants in Pattern

Recognition, Wiley Publishing (2009)
*12+ F. Ghorbel, S. Derrode, R. Mezhoud, T. Bannour, S. Dhahbi, Image reconstruction
from a complete set of similarity invariants extracted from complex moments Pattern
Recognition., Lett., 27 (12) (2006), pp. 13611369
*13+ B. Yang, M. Dai, Image analysis by GaussianHermite moments Signal Process.,
91 (10) (2011), pp. 22902303
[14] B. Xiao, J.-F. Ma, X. Wang, Image analysis by BesselFourier moments Pattern
Recognition, 43 (8) (2010), pp. 26202629

THANK YOU

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad

Image Recognition Using

Legendre Moment

Under the guidance of:

Dr. Sushanta Mukhopadhyay
Associate Professor

Presented By:
Priyanka Pathak
Admn No.- 2013MT0046
M Tech. (Computer Science & Engg.)

Contents

Introduction
Proposed System
Future Scope
Reference

INTRODUCTION

o
o
o
o
o

Image recognition
Image recognition algorithms include:
Optical character recognition
Pattern and gradient matching
Face recognition
License plate matching
Scene change detection

Proposed System

1.
2.
3.
4.

The proposed face recognition system consists of 4 major modules. They are
Image normalization
Feature Extraction
Linear discriminant analysis
Nearest neighbor classifier.

Scope and Objective

o
o
o

Using Legendre moments for the face recognition

Accurate and Fast Identification
High Usability and Security
User friendly design

By applying previous done work and comparing getting result with some new
experiments.

REFERENCES
[1] P. T. Yap and R. Paramesaran, (2005), An Efficient Method for the
Computation of Legendre Moments, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Recognition and
Machine Intelligence, Vol.27 No.12, pp.1996-2002.
[2] M. Teague, Image analysis via the general theory of moments, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70 (8)
(1980) 920930.
[3] J.D. Zhou, H.Z. Shu, L.M. Luo, W.X. Yu, Two new algorithms for e3cient computation of
Legendre moments, Pattern Recognition 35 (5) (2002) 11431152.
[4] H.Z. Shu, L.M. Luo, W.X. Yu, Y. Fu, A new fast method for computing Legendre
moments, Pattern Recognition 33 (2) (2000) 341348.
*5+ Khalid M. Hosney, (2007) Exact Legendre moments computation for gray level
images, Pattern Recognition, Vol. 40, pp. 3597-3605.
[6] S. Annadurai and S. Saradha, "Face Recognition using Legendre Moments," Proc. of
International Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, pp.461466, Dec. 2004.

THANK YOU