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Passive voice

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Active
voice

Passive
voice

Subject

Object

The students invited the teachers.

The teachers were invited by the students.

Agent

Subject

Verb To Be (in the same tense as the

main verb in the active sentence)

Past Participle
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This is the procedure to turn any sentence from

active into passive voice.
Lets see other examples.

produce
verb to be
is in present
simple
simple

Coffee
They

is
produce

past participle
of produce

produced
coffee

in Brazil.

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Remember !!!
Verb To Be in the same tense as the main verb in the active sentence

plus
the Past Participle of that verb

broke
verb
to be
in past
is in simple
past
simple

The window
Somebody

was
broke

past
participle of

break

thebroken
window

last week.

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If it is important to mention the agent (the person who

does the action) we introduce it with the preposition by.

verb invite
to be
in isfuture
in future
simple
simple

Betty
Tim

past
participle of

invite

by Tim
will
willbeinviteinvited Betty

to his birthday party.

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Tip! Be careful!
When the object in the active sentence

becomes the subject

the form may change in number from singular to plural

verb to be
write
in present perfect
is in present
and plural
perfect

Somebody
The walls

have
been
has
written

past participle
of write

written
the
walls

with a marker.

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Modal verbs are followed

by the infinitive of the verb To Be.

modal + verb
modal + verb
to be in
in infinitive
infinitive

You letter
This

must
post
must
be

past participle
of post

this
letter
posted

today.

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Lets see another example.

modal
+ verb
modal
+
to
be
in
infinitive
infinitive

Somebody
Your wallet

may
maysteal
be

past participle
of steal

your
wallet
stolen

if you are not careful.

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With verbs which take two objects, such as:

ask, bring, tell, send, show, teach, promise, offer, give, pay, lend
we can form the passive in two ways
but remember: add to before the person in the object.

send
verb
to be
is in past
in past
simple
simple

Someone
A
present

sent
was

past participle
of send

Kate
sent

atopresent
Kate

yesterday.

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Lets see the other way.

This is called idiomatic passive.

The indirect object becomes the subject of the
passive sentence.

verbsend
to be
in past
is insimple
past
simple

Someone
Kate

sent
was

past participle
of send

Kate
sent

present
aapresent

yesterday.

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Lets turn a sentence from

active into passive voice using the present continuous.

open
verb
to be
isininpresent
present
continuous

They
The
mails

are opening
being

past participle
of open

opened
the
mails

now.

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Now, lets use the past continuous.

verb to be
cook
in
past
continuous
is in past
continuous

past participle
of cook

was cooking
A delicious pie
was being
cooked
Someone
a delicious
pie

at the bakers.

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To make questions, follow the same rule but with the

verb to be in the interrogative form.
Lets see an example with a Wh-question

verb to be
in past simple
interrogative

Did
Was

repair is in
past simple
interrogative

they
repair
the computer

past participle
of repair

the repaired
computer

yesterday morning?

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We hope you have enjoyed this PPT!

verb topublish
be
is in past
in past simple
interrogative
simple

Who

past participle
of publish

was
the new dictionary?
published
published
the new dictionary

by?

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