Physical examination is a review from head to toe on every

system of the body that provides information on the client and

allows the nurse for producing clinical assessment. The accuracy
of the physical examination affect the selection of treatment
received by the client and the elucidation of the response to
therapy. (Potter and Perry, 2005).

Physical examination is the examination of the body to

determine the presence of abnormalities of a system or organ of
the body by way of seeing (inspection), feeling (palpation),
tapped (percussion) and listening (auscultation).

1.

To collect baseline data on the health of the client.

2.

To add, confirm, or deny the data obtained in the

nursing history.

3.

To confirm and identify nursing diagnoses.

4.

To make a clinical judgment about the client's health

status changes and management.

5.

To evaluate the physiological outcomes of care.

Physical examination has many benefits, both for

the nurses themselves, as well as for other health
professionals, including :

1.

As the data to help establish the diagnosis of nurses in

nursing.

2.

Knowing the health problems in a natural client.

3.

As a basis
interventions

4.

As the data to evaluate the outcomes of nursing care

for

selecting

appropriate

nursing

Control of infection
Control the invornment
Always ask for the willingness / permission from the patients for each
examination
Maintain patient privacy
The examination must be thorough and systematic
Explain what will be done before the examination (purpose,
usefulness, part of the way and will be checked)
Give specific instructions were clear
Speak the communicative
Encourage the patient to cooperate in the examination
Consider the expression / non-verbal language of the patient

There are four techniques

examination, namely:

1.

Inspection

2.

Palpation

3.

Percussion

4.

Auscultation

in

physical

1)

Examination of vital signs

2)

Head to toe

3)

ROS (Review of Systems / body system)

Examination of vital signs are part of the baseline data

collected by the nurse during the assessment. The nurse examines the
client's vital signs anytime entry into the health care. Vital signs
included a thorough physical assessment or measured one at a time to

assess the condition of the client.

Examination of vital signs consisting of checking the pulse,
respiration, blood pressure and temperature. This examination is an

important part of assessing the physiological systems of the body as a

whole.

Stages of physical examination required to be done in sequence and thorough and

starts from the following body parts:

1.

Skin, hair and nails

2.

Head include: eyes, nose, ears and mouth

3.

Neck: the position and movement of the trachea

4.

Chest: cardiac and pulmonary

5.

Abdomen: shallow and deep examination

6.

Genetalia

7.

The muscle strength / musculosekletal

8.

Neurology

The Cardiovasculer system

Digestive system

Breathing system

Musculosceletal system

Endocrine system

Etc

THANK YOU
FOR
ATTENTION