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BPM?
BPM Defined
Business Process Management is a means to study,
identify, change, and monitor business processes.
Business Process Management is a
generic term, that encompasses the
techniques, structured methods, and
means to streamline operations and
increase efficiency.
BPM techniques and methods enable
you to identify and modify existing
processes to align them with a desired
(improved) future state.
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BPM is not
Principles of BPM:
Organise around outcomes not tasks
Correct and improve processes before
(potentially) automating them
Establish processes and assign
ownership
Standardise processes across the
enterprise
Enable continuous change
Improve existing processes, rather than
build radically new or perfect
processes
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The Mandate
BPM changes things.
You need the authority, the will, and the
ability to change things; this means
aligning any project with enterprise goals
And
You need the support of those whose
daily work and activities you will change,
as well as the support of the
management that owns the overall
process
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Business Analysis
No business process improvement or change activity
can be undertaken without the use of business
analysts and/or business analysis techniques
You must never attempt to change a business process
without first analyzing the business impact of the
change in detail
Most people think they understand the techniques of
analysis (e.g., requirements gathering), but few
actually do
Most projects failures do not stem from technology
Rather, a lack of insight, stakeholder support or planning -- all
things that are the focus of business analysts!
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Methods
In analysis work - consistency of methods of collection
and delivery are essential
There are many different types of methods
The use of any method is typically much more effective
than none - or a loose hybrid
This presentation introduces you to three potential
approaches for both business and technology process
analysis
Business Process Analysis
Structured Analysis
Object-oriented Analysis
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evaluate the situation from various angles and identify core issues
review any documentation, interview workers
flowchart/document current process
recommend improvements
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2.Object-Oriented Analysis
Centered around understanding of Objects and Classes
Class - A class describes the characteristics of a thing (attributes,
behaviors, properties, etc.)
Object - An instance of a class
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3. Structured Analysis
Views a System as a collection of processes
executed according to certain logic (or illogic!)
Focuses on data flows
Models Data and Processes separately
Makes use of Data Flow Diagrams, Relationship
Diagrams, and Flowcharts
When to use: When you wish to improve your existing
IT investment infrastructure and gain greater process
efficiencies in the enterprise
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Flowcharts Defined
What is a flowchart?
A graphical representation of the sequence of
activities, steps, and decision points that occur in a
particular, discrete process.
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Flowchart Example
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Why Flowchart?
To explain the sequence of a process graphically
To improve communication and obtain business-user
validation
To identify bottlenecks and loops
To assist with problem analysis
To provide a blueprint for development
To identify variations in process activity
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Advantages of Modeling
There are seldom single process flows - processes
tend to have interdependencies
These are difficult to capture in a regular flowchart
Multiple processes and systems are the hallmark of most BPM
projects
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Drawing
Tools
BPMS
EA
modeling
Infrastructure
Focus
Development
Tools
System to
System focus
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Human to
Human focus
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Examples of Vendors
Microsoft Visio
Apple
iGrafx
End User
Focus
IBM
Lombardi
IDS Scheer
MEGA
AllFusion
Infrastructure
Focus
Rational
System to
System focus
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Human to
Human focus
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Model to Execution
Execution means implementing the
model in an ECM or BPM system
The promise of powerful modeling tools
is to create a process model, then to
automate its execution
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(Business Process
(XML Process
Modeling Notation)
Definition Language)
BPEL
(Business Process
Execution Language)
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BPMN
BPMN consists of four basic elements:
BPMN
(Business Process
Modeling Notation)
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Flow Objects
Event
Activity
Gateway
Connecting Objects
Sequence Flow
Message Flow
Association
Swimlanes
Pool
Lane
Artifacts
Data Object
Group
Annotation
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Reality of BPMN
BPMN has been designed to be understood by
business analysts to technical developers
BPMN is a good standard - but it does not always
translate to BPEL (execution) - interim work will likely
be required
All standards are open to interpretation - business
analysts address different issues to technical
developers
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Technology
Maybe none at all (often)
In the context of this course:
BPM
Workflow
ECM (Enterprise Content
Management)
ERP (Enterprise Resource
Planning) / Business Applications
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Rules
Engine
Process
Registry
Monitoring
Services
Orchestration
(Workflow)
Engine
Content / Data
Repositories
Integration
Services
Note: Not all tools provide all these services or implement them in the same way
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Process Registry
Contains the process models and rules
Also contains metadata about
processes
Supports re-use of process
components
Web Services (SOA) compatible
approach
Traditional challenges of component re-use apply
Granularity and componentisation
Management complexity
Governance
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Orchestration (Workflow)
Engine
Core component for BPM
Sometimes called Process Engine or
Process Server
Parses and implements rules governing
transitions between tasks
Updates the state of each process
instance
Offers or delivers tasks as needed to
workers or applications to do the work
Provides reporting and alerts on
demand
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Integration
BPM application will seldom access just
one source of information
Hence the need to link the Orchestration
Engine with other sources of data and
services
The process definition needs to be
comprehensive enough to understand
and address the application
Invocation can be either push or pull
May require variety of integration
techniques:
EAI
ESB
BPM to BPM
Brute force
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Rules Engine
Business rules describe the policies and
practices of an organisation. For example a
business rule might state that no credit
check is to be performed on return
customers
Rules engines:
Driven by defined rules, rather than processes
Separates business rules from application code
Evaluate the information provided by the process and control
changes in complex flows
Business processes often have complex flow controls.
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Content Repository
ECM repository containing mainly
unstructured data (documents
and files)
Manages information created in
the business process
Manages information used by the
business process
Manages metadata that may drive business processes
E.g., content of a certain document type prior to a particular date
is processed differently than other document types
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Relationship Between
BPM & ECM
Both BPM and ECM:
Have notions of workflow
Involve business processes
Involve use of resources
Involve tasks
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BPM as a Practice
BPM as a Project
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BPM Master
What Is BPM
Strategy
Role of ECM
& BPM
Business Case
BPM as a
Practice
BPM as a
Project
Specialist
Business
Analysis
Process
Improvement
Flowcharting 101
Process
Modelling
BPM Approaches
BPM
Technologies
BPM Tools
Overview
Intro to EAI
Collaboration
And BPM
Practitioner
Ethics
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Improvement
Methodologies
Monitor
Processes
Manage
Change
Enterprise BPM
Case Studies
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BPM Futures
Build
Business
Case
Build
Project Team
Gather
Requirements
Continuous
Improvement
Implement
Change
Design
Processes
Master
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