Writing the

Action Research
By:
DR. CORNELIO R. AQUINO
Education Program Supervisor I
In-Charge of Action Researches

Action Research Outline

Title

Situation

II

Problem

III

Generation of
Alternative
Solutions

IV

Plan of
Action

Presentation
and
Interpretation

VI

Conclusions and
Recommendations

VII

Reflections
Bibliography

CONCEPTUALIZING AN ACTION
RESEARCH

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
THE FIRST STEP TO CONCEPTUALIZE
AN ACTION RESEARCH IS TO
IDENTIFY A PROBLEM WITHIN
ONES CONTROL: A CLASSROOM OR
SCHOOL

IT IS BOTHERING OR PESTERING
PROBLEM THAT A TEACHER
NATURALLY OBSERVES WITHIN
DAY-TO-DAY
SCHOOL
ACTIVITIES.

THE QUESTION SHOULD

BE IN HIGHER-ORDER
QUESTIONS
NOT A YES OR NO
QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS SHOULD BE
1. BE
STATED
IN
COMMON
LANGUAGE, AVOIDING JARDON
2. BE CONCISE
3. BE MEANINGFUL
4. NOT ALREADY HAVE AN ANSWER

PROBLEMS SHOULD BE

FOCUS
ON
SCHOOL
ISSUE, PROBLEM OR
AREA OF COLLECTIVE
INTEREST.

WHAT CAN I INVESTIGATE THROUGH

ACTION RESEARCH?
ACTION RESEARCH CAN BE USED TO
INVESTIGATE PRACTICAL, EVERYDAY ISSUES,
EVERYDAY PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY
TEACHERS.
ALL YOU NEED IS A GENERAL IDEA THAT
SOMETHING MIGHT BE IMPROVED.

GOLDEN RULE FOR SELECTING

A TOPIC

KEEP IT MANAGEABLE
IT SHOULD BE INTERESTING TO
YOU
IT SHOULD BE WORKABLE
IT IS NOT TO DISRUPTIVE OF
NORMAL ROUTINES

Examples of Problems in School

1. A grade four teacher in a certain
school noted that most of her pupils
got low scores in a problem test she
gave. Only 5 out of 35 pupils or 14%
could solve five or more of the
problem in the test. Her problem is
how pupils ability to solve word
problems be improved.

2. A high school English teacher

examined the compositions of her
students and found that they are
unable to spell correctly, punctuate
conventionally,
compose
grammatical sentences and develop
unified paragraphs. The predicament
them is how students could be
taught to write passable prose.

3. A classroom teacher in the primary

grade found that in her class there are

slow learners who have difficulties in
adjusting to the curriculum because of
the slight inferior learning abilities of
pupils. This situation is carried over to
pupils performance in recitations and
tests. The problem then is how to handle
the slow learners to develop the inherent
and natural abilities.

4. Whenever a high school teacher

gave assignment in English, she
most often found that only onefourth of the students effectively
accomplished them. The trouble
therefore is to find out why
students could not accomplish
their assignments well.

Writing the Action Research

1.

SITUATION
REFERS TO THE DESCRIPTIVE BACKGROUND OF THE
PROBLEM

SAMPLE PROBLEM
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIC
INTERVENTION MATERIALS (SIMs) IN
ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF
THE FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS IN
ARALING PANLIPUNAN

Writing the Action Research

2.

THE PROBLEM
SPECIFIES THE CORE OF THE DIFFICULTY OR
CRISIS. THIS IS THE MAIN PROBLEM. IN THIS
PORTION THE MAIN PROBLEM IS BROKEN
DOWN INTO SPECIFIC SUB-PROBLEMS FROM
WHICH THE FORMER COULD BE ATTRIBUTED.

PROBLEM

The
problem
in
Araling
Panlipunan
is
on
the
enhancement of students
performance.

Possible causes based on initial study:

1.Low mastery learning in

Araling Panlipunan because of
lack of meaningful strategy to
teach the subject.

Possible causes based on initial study:

2. Low retention rate as an

offshoot of the lack of
meaningful experiences due to
the traditional approach in
teaching the subject

Possible causes based on initial study:

3.
Lack
of
concrete
conceptualization of lessons
brought
about
by
the
uninteresting mode of instruction

Possible causes based on initial study:

4. Inadequate and inappropriate

teaching aids.

Writing the Action Research

III.

GENERATION OF
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS
This portion brings about the possible
approaches to solve the problem. It must give
good reasons for the use of such alternative
actions.

ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
can be drawn from the list of innovative
methodologies that DepED endorses for use in
the Elementary and High School levels. For
instance, in the teaching of science, a teacher
may explore the effectiveness of any or
combination of the following strategies:
predict-observe-explain approach, process
approach, practical work approach, process
approach or cooperative learning.

Writing the Action

4.

THE PLAN OF ACTION

is divided into sub-components, namely: the
objectives, time frame, target participants,
and activities to be undertaken

The Plan of Action

a. The objectives are the goals
towards which all the effects are
directed. Under the DepED format,
these are the target set by the
research that should be achieved at
the end of the research.

The Plan of Action

b. The Time Frame- specifies the
period or duration of the study,
the beginning up to the ending.
(3 months conduct)

The Plan of Action

c. Activities to be
undertaken are the
things to be done to
achieve the objectives of
the study

ACTIVITIES TO BE UNDERTAKEN

Step
by
the
step
enumeration of things to
be accomplished to achieve
the objectives specified in
the research

ACTIVITIES TO BE UNDERTAKEN

The activities must be

parallel
to
the
objectives of the
study.

ACTIVITIES TO BE UNDERTAKEN

- TARGET PARTICIPANTS
- TARGET INVOLVED
- ACTIVITIES
- EXPECTED RESULTS

F. THE RESEARCH DESIGN

IT SUMMARIZES THE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES INTO
SUB-COMPONENTS:

1.THE PARTICIPANTS

2. THE RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES

3. THE DATA TO BE
COLLECTED

4. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
NEEDED TO ANSWER
THE
OBJECTIVES
SPECIFIED
IN
THE
STUDY.

Thank you!