Geotechnical

Field School-2005
CVG 4974
Saturday, Oct 1, 2005
7:30 am 5:00 pm
Robinson Field , Ottawa

Instructor:

Dr. Garga
A112 ext. 6143

Coordinator:

Kenton C. Power
D114-A 6158

TAs:

M. Cevat Catana
D114-A ext. 6158
Igor Iskra
D108-B ext. 6163
Behnam Shadravan
D114-C ext. 6157

Technician:

Kulan Ambalavanar
D116 ext. 6150

Field School Location

Directions to Field School

From Colonel By loading docks

Turn Right onto King Edward Ave 0.2 mi

Turn Right onto Robinson Ave
0.2 mi
Turn Left onto Hurdman Rd.
0.1mi
End at 3 Hurdman Rd. (parking lot)

Intersection of
Robinson Avenue
and Hurdman Road

Robinson Field
Parking Lot

Robinson Field Entrance

Robinson Football
Field

Robinson
Community Garden

Robinson Field Community Pathways

Testing Area 1 and

Washrooms

Testing Area
and Parking Lot

Think Safety First!

Gloves and hard hats will be provided

Wear safety boots

Wear hard hats for SPT test

WHIMIS guidelines
Dress for the weather
Rain gear
Warm clothes

Think Safety First!

Overhead Dangers

Think Safety First!

Different Tools and Testing Equipment

Geotechnical Investigations

Investigation Methods

Geotechnical Investigations
Soil Sampling (Soil Profile)
Hand Auger, Split-Spoon Sampling, Ground Water Level

Laboratory Tests (Soil Type Determination)

Grain Size Distribution, In-Situ water content

In-situ Soil Density

Sand Cone (Direct)
Water Balloon (Direct)
Nuclear Densometer (Indirect)

Strength Relationships
Standard Penetration, Vane Shear, Nilcon Vane (Indirect
methods)

Plate Load Test

Bearing Capacity (Direct method)

Soil Sampling

Soil Identification and Classification

Augering Bore Holes for Soil Sampling

Soil Sampling

Soil Identification and Classification

Soil line is
placed 2 m
from bore
hole

Bore hole

Hand Auger

Start
Different soil
types

Soil line at a
1 to 1 scale
showing soil
profile with
depth

Soil Profile with Depth

Soil Sampling

Soil Identification and Classification

Carefully remove
soil from auger
Lay soil on ground
(1:1 Scale)

Auger to a
measured depth

Laboratory Test

Soil Identification and Classification

Laboratory Tests (Soil Type Determination)
Soil samples are to be taken for the following tests
Sand cone & water balloon tests (each depth)
Hand auger
Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

Determine the in-situ water content of each sample

Oven dry the remaining samples
Perform a grain size analysis for each sample
Name and classify each sample using the Unified Soil
Classification System (USCS)

Sand Cone Test

Field Density

Sand Cone Equipment

Field Application

Sand Cone Test

Field Density

Calibrating Sand Cone Equipment

Sand Cone Test

Field Density

Calibrating Sand Cone Equipment

Sand Cone Test

Field Density

Calibrating Sand Cone Equipment

Sand Cone Test

Field Density

Calibrating Sand Cone Equipment

Water Balloon Test

Field Density

Water Balloon Equipment

Field Application

Water Balloon Test

Field Density

Calibrating Water Balloon Equipment

Setup for Density Tests

Digging Test Pit

Leveling Soil Surface

Ensuring Bottom is Level

Performing Density Tests

Digging Test Hole

Reading Water Level

Sand Cone Test in

Progress

Standard Penetration (SPT)

Penetration Number, N: Used in the estimation of f

and Design of Foundations (CVG 3106)

Assembled SPT Sampler

Soil Sample Recovered SPT Sampler Schematic

within SPT Sampler

Standard Penetration (SPT)

Penetration Number, N: Used in the estimation of f

and Design of Foundations

Our SPT Testing Apparatus

Standard Penetration (SPT)

Penetration Number, N: Used in the estimation of f

and Design of Foundations

Truck Mounted SPT Apparatus.

One Man Crew

Augering Bore Hole

Standard Penetration (SPT)

Penetration Number, N: Used in the estimation of f

and Design of Foundations

Raising 70 lb Weight
(Conventionally 140 lb
Weight is Used)

Proper Technique of Releasing the

Weight to Reduce Pulley Friction

Standard
Penetration
Test (SPT)
Penetration Number,
N

Used in the estimation

of f and Design of
Foundations

Field Bore Hole Log

Std. Penetration Number (N) with Depth

Vane Shear Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Field Vane Showing Failure Surface

Vane Shear Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Inserting Field Vane to Desired Depth

Vane Shear Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Sometimes the soil has a high shear strength

Vane Shear Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Spring
Balance

Drill Rod
Bore Hole
15 cm

Proper Method to Apply Torque

to Field Vane

Vane

Field Vane Schematic

Nilcon Vane Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Nilcon Vane Schematic

Nilcon Vane Recorder

Nilcon Vane Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Installing Anchors

Installing Anchor Extensions

Nilcon Vane Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Rods pass
through the
recorder and ...

Into bore
hole
Assembled Nilcon
Vane

Nilcon Vane Test

In-situ shear strength of soft clays

Lowering Field Vane into Soil

Shearing the Soil

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Plate Load Test Schematic

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Plate Load Anchor

Anchor Schematic

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Placing Anchors Torque

Wrench

Placing Anchors Torque

Wrench and Moment Arm
Extensions

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Placing Anchors

Ensuring Anchors are Level and Properly Orientated

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Digging Plate Load Test Pit

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Plate Stack at Failure.

Failure Depth = 25 mm
Plate Stack at Beginning
of Test

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

2

Graph of Time vs. Settlement. Graph of Applied Load vs.

3 kg/cm2 Load Increment
Total Settlement

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Plate Load Test Using Dead Load

Plate Load Test

In-situ Bearing Capacity

Bearing Capacity Failure Envelop

Plate Load Test Schematic

Foundation Failure

Group List
A

Alkhatib

Charette

Ferreira

Auckland

Charlebois

Burtt

Groups
D

Lacasse

Luk

Mustaard

Toure

Francoeur

Latimer

MacDonald

Nault

WilkeAlemany

Dowie

Guignion

Lehoux

Michaluk

Rowat

Wood

Caron

Duthie

Hay

Lesage

Morcos

Tahelali

Yu

Cheung

Deku

Belletete

Ferrari

Lane

Lauzon

Andoseh

Regimbald

Ostrowski

Tchernychov

Tudor

Bahia

Bruneau

Chan

Project List
Testing Schedule

Time

7.30-8.00

Site Instructions, Tools Setup, Preparation

8.00-10.00

SPT

SPT

SPT

SW

SW

HA

HA

10.00-12.00

FV

FV

FV

HA

HA

SW

SW

12.00-1.00

Lunch

1.00-3.00

SW

SW

HA

SPT

SPT

SPT

SPT

3.00-5.00

HA

HA

SW

FV

FV

FV

FV

SW SPTFV HA-

Sand Cone / Water Balloon

Standard Penetration Test
Field Vane Shear
Hand Auger / Split Spoon Soil Sampling

Geo-Field School Report

Treat The Report as if you are writing a Technical
Report as a Consulting Engineer on The Carp
Airport
Typed, double spaced, bounded with a cover page
Include name and student number of each member and
indicate the contribution of each student towards the report

Laboratory Tests of Soil Samples

Determine the in-situ water content of each sample
Oven dry the remaining samples

Perform a grain size analysis for each sample

Name and classify each sample using the Unified Soil
Classification System

Geo-Field School Report

Sand Cone and Water Balloon
Name and classify the soil at each depth
Determine the soils in-situ density for each depth and for
each test
Compare the soil densities for each depth and give reasons
for any differences
Compare the soil densities determined by each method and
give reasons for any differences

Standard Penetration Test

Name and classify the soil at each depth from the samples
collected
Determine the field standard penetration number profile with
depth
Calculate the corrected standard penetration number

Geo-Field School Report

Hand Auger
Name and classify the soil at each depth
If possible, determine the depth of the
Ground Water Table (GWT)

Field Vane
Determine the soils peak and remolded
shear strength Values using both Two
Gauges Method and Torque Wrench
Compare Peak and Remolded Shear
Strength of the two methods

Any Questions