valves

SELECTION OF VALVE:
It depends on various factors as
follows:
1) Operation
2) Fluid
3) Pressure drop
4) Position
5) Construction
6) Reliability/Cost
Valves identification as follows:
1)Symbolic 2)Views 3)Operation
/Operator 4)Back flow 5)Pressure drop
6)End Connection 7)Size 8)Dimensional
Stand 9)Fluids 10)Application

valves
Classification Valves : It depends on
1) Operation of the valve
2 ) Construction of the valve
Types of operation valves:
1.1) On/Off valves: Ball valve,
Butter fly valve ,
Gate Valve
Plug Valve
1.2) Regulation valves: Ball valve
Diaphragm valve
Globe Valve
Pinch Valve
1.3) Automatic Valves: NRV,PRV,PSV ..etc
1.4) Special Purpose valve:
Directing valve
Mixing valve

valves
2)Types of Construction Valves:
2.1) Straight Stream flow Valves:
Butter fly valve
Diaphragm Valve
Pinch valve
2.2) Non Straight stream flow valves:
Ball valve
Gate Valve
Globe Valve
Plug Valve
2.3)Direction Change Valve:
Angle Valve
Diverting valve
Mixing Valve
Valve is used in a piping system to convey the
fluid from source to distribution points without
disturbing the operation of a system at any
situation /phenomena.

Ball Valve
1.Notes :
Zero pressure drop when it is open
condition.
Easy Operated.
It acts as a on/off valve & Regulation
purpose valve.
It uses both liquids and gases.
It connects flanged/threaded end
connections.
Two way valve.
It gives long life.
Do not use at high temperatures.
Size available from 4mm to 60.
Teflan

Symbol

S.S

Front view

Open condition closed condition

Top view

BUTTERFLY VALVE
2.Notes:
Pressure drop is very less@open
condition.
It acts as on/off valve & regulating
valve.
Simple construction & less weight.
Cost is less.
It gives long life.
Use at low pressures only.

Symbol

Front view Top view

End view

Butterfly valve

Gate valves
Types of on / off valves:
3)Symbols:

ON

OFF

Flanged Gate Valve

Flange Threadeded
Gate Valve
Pneumatic
Gate Valve

Hydraulic
Gate Valve

Flange welded
Gate Valve

Threaded Gate Valve

Electrical Operated
Gate Valve

Front View

Butt Weld Gate Valve

Electronic Operated
Gate Valve

Top View

Manual Operated
Gate Valve

Socket Welded
Gate Valve

End View

Notes:
1)Pressure drop is minimum @open condition.
2) Gate valves used for liquids not for gases.
Types of gate Valves: 1) Raising stem gate valve
2) Non raising stem gate valve.
Gate valve is not accepted less than 2.
It is available up to 36.

Gate valves
.3Notes:
Applications of Gate Valve:
. Chemical Industries
. Petro Chemical
. Refinery
. Treatment Plants
. Refinery plants.
Gate valve called as two way valve.
The life of gate valve is 7 to 9 years.

PLUG VALVE
4. Notes:
It acts as on/off Valve.
Pressure drop is zero when it is open.
Cost is very low.
Life period of valve is more.
It uses at water services & sewage
water systems.
Types of Plug Valves:
1) Lubricated Plug Valves:
It acts as on/off and regulating valve.
It uses in slurry system.
Upto 4 valves only.
2) Non lubricated Plug Valve:
Dont support for regulating fluid.
It uses liquids and gases.

PLUG VALVE

Stem /Regulator
Plug
Body

Symbol

Top view Front view

End view

GLOBE VALVE
5.Note:
It preferred for gases.
It acts as on/off & regulating valve.
life upto 14 years.
Pressure drop is very high ,3 times
bigger than gate valve.
Used for high pressure and high
temparature .
Cost is very high.
Positioned in any direction 3000 to
2400.
It does not stop back flow completely
but regulates only.
Globe valve is one way valve.
Applications:Low density fluids at high
pressure temparatures.
High density fluid lines at high pressure.

GLOBE VALVE

SYMBOL

TOP VIEW

END VIEW

BOTTOM VIEW

STEM
DISK

S EAT

ISO METRIC VIEW

GLOBE VALVE

PINCH VALVE
6.Note:
Solids/Semi solids
Liquids and solids
It acts as on/off and regulation valve.
High density sticky fluids
Sandery
Available from 1 to 12.

SYMBOL

Diaphragm Valve
7.Diaphrgam Material :
EPDM:Ethylene Propylene dyne monomers.
Rubber
Neoprene
Nitrile .etc.

Diaphragm material selection based on

Process.
These valves used as :On/Off valve
Regulating valve,Throtling valve.
It works at High pressure also.
It is manufactured by Casting.
Life period of valve up to 14 years.
Maintenance is very easy.
Pressure drop is zero when valve in
open condition.
It uses treatment plants, Chemical
plants, Nuclear industries, Slurry
system.

Diaphragm Valve

Symbol

End View

Front View

Front View

Open Condition

Top View

Closed Condition

End View

NON RETURN VALVE

8) AUTOMATIC VALVE S: NRV/Check
valve, PRV,PSV.
Minimum pressure drop in any NRV IS 6
TO 9 PSI.

NRV SYMBOL

NRV SYMBOL

End Connection,Thread E.Con,Butt Weld

Front View

Front View

NRV SYMBOL NRV SYMBOL

Socket Weld

Isometric View

Flange Welding

Flange Threading

CHECK VALVE
9) Types of Check valves:
1) Swing Check Valve
2) Ball Check Valve
3) Disk Check Valve
4) Double Door Check Valve
Applications:
Swing check valve used in steam lines.
Ball check valves used in
water/condensate lines.
Disk check valve used in Pneumatic
lines.
Double door check valve used in low
pressure vapour/air lines.
Disk check valves available to 8.
Double door check valve available upto
4.

CHECK VALVE
Types of Check Valves:

Top disk

Swinh check Valve

Ball check Valve

Disk check Valve

Double door check Valve

PRV&PSV VALVES
10) Views of PRV &PSV:

PRV

8"
6"

PSV

4"
Repture disk

Globe Valve

Symbol Front View

Top view

End View

Isometric View

End Connections

KNIFE VALAVE
11) Notes:
This is combination of gate valve and
butterfly valve.
Used for low pressure lines.
It acts moderate throtling & on/off
valves.
Self cleaned valve.
This is used for water and condensate
lines.
Position always vertical.
Prefer for the liquids not for gases.
Low pressure drop when it is
completely open condition.

KNIFE VALVE

Regulator
Stem

Gate

Seat
Body
Front View

Top View

End View

Symbol

View

SPECIAL PURPOSE VALVE

12) Notes:
Special Purpose valves called three way
valve.
These are two types of valves:
1) Mixing Valve.
2) Diverting valve.
Mixing valve:
1) It has two inputs and one output.
2) Same fluid at different temparatures.
3)Different fluids at same temparature.
4)Used for utilities and valve mixture.
Diverting Valve:
1) One input and two outputs.
2)Vertical or horizantal Condition.

Divertng Valve

Mixing Valve

SPECIAL PURPOSE VALVE

AB

AB

AB

Diverting Valve

AB

AB
B

Symbol

Front view

Top View

End View

VALVE STANDARDS
1)ASME-B.16.34=All type of valves with
flange end,threaded end and butt end
valve.
2)API 594 =American Petroleum
Institute Wafer Check Valve.
3)API 599 =Steel and ductile iron Plug
Valves.
4) API 600= Steel gate valves ,flange
and butt welding ends.
5)API 602 =Compact Steel Gate Valves.
6)API 603=#150 Cast Iron Flange end
Gate valves.
7) API 608=Metal ball valves ,flange and
butt welding ends.
8) API 609=Butterfly valve lug type and
wafer type.

VALVE STANDARDS
9)AWWAC 500=American water house
association(Gate valve 3 to 48-for
water and sewage system).
10)AWWAC 504=Rubber seated butterfly
valves.
11) MSS SP42=Manufacturer
standardisation society of valve fittings
association. #150 corrosion resistent
Gate, Globe and Check valves with flange
and butt welding ends.
12)MSS SP67=Butterfly Valves.
13)MSS SP70=Cast iron Gate Valves.
14)MSS SP71=Cast iron spring check
valve flange and threaded ends.
15)MSS SP72=Ball valves with flange and
butt welding ends for general purposes
services.

VALVE STANDARDS
16)MSS SP80=Bronze Gate,Globe Angel
and Swing Check valve.
17)MSS SP81=Stainless Steel Knife
Valves.
18)MSS SP85=Cast iron Globe &Angle
threaded and flanged valves.
19)MSS SP88=Diaphragm type
valves(Diaphragm valve,Pinch valve,PRV)

VALVE SPECIFICATION
Standard Method of valve specification:
1) Standard
2)Base Material - Depends on-Fluid.
3)Pressure rating class - ,, -#
Material,Design temparature and
Pressure.
4)End Connection - ,, - Connection.
5)Type of Valve
- ,, - Process.
6)Size of valve
-,, - Rate of Flow.
7)Disc Material
-,, - Fluid.
8) Seat Material -,,- Fluid.
9) Stem Material -,,- Torque.
10)Packing
-,,- Inter pressure.
11) Gasket
-,,- Face of flange.
Valve threads always British standard
threads.