ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

OF
MULTISTORIED BUILDING

INTRODUCTION
Multi storied building is one which has more than
two or more apartments. It takes limited space for
constructing and solves the rental house problem.
Necessity:
1. Increase of population
2. Scarcity of land &limited fund
3. Migration of population from villages to
Cities
4. Factors to be considered in the finalisation
of site &requirements.

Specifications
Bed room - 3.0 m*3.6m.
Living room - 4.2*4.8m

Guest room - 3.0m*3.6m

Verandah - 1.8m*3.0m.
Office room - 3.0m*3.6m.

Specifications

Dinning room - 3.6m*4.2m to4.2m*4.8m.

Kitchen - 2.5m*3.9m to3.0*3.0m.
Store room - 2.5m*2.5m to 3.0m*3.0m.
Bath&w.c - 1.8m*1.8m to1.8m*2.5m.

Plan details
The plan consists of two bed rooms ,one
kitchen , one living room, bath & w.c
attached for two bed rooms. This is
symmetrically placed on the four sides of
the building. Our multi storied building
consists of 6 stories. The ground floor is
used for parking, power room, and
watchman`s room.

ESTIMATION OF LOADS
The minimum requirements pertaining to the
structural safety of buildings are being covered
by way of laying down minimum design loads
which have to be assumed.
Various types of loads acting on the structure are
as follows:
1. Dead load
2. Imposed load
3. Wind load
4. Seismic load

DEAD LOAD
Dead load means the self weight of super
structure.
It can obtained by using preliminary design.
Preliminary design means checking for the
cross-sections for which we have assumed.
By using that dimensions we can compute the
dead loads of the structure.
Dead load means including weight of the
beams, slabs, etc.

IMPOSED LOAD
The load assumed to be produced by the
intended use or occupancy of a building,
including the weight of movable partitions ,
distributed , concentrated loads, load due to
impact and vibration.
But these cannot include wind, seismic,
snow and other loads due temperature
changes, creep etc.,.

Imposed Loads for different

occupancies
Various values of imposed loads are:
All rooms and kitchens
- 2.0 Kn/m2
Toilets and bath rooms
- 2.0
Corridors, staircase etc.,
- 3.0
Balconies
- 3.0

WIND LOAD
Wind is air in motion relative to the surface of
the earth.
The wind generally blows horizontal to the
ground at high wind speeds.
The wind speeds are assessed with the aid of
anemometers or anemographs.
Very strong winds are generally associated
with cyclonic storms, thunderstorms etc.,

Design of wind speed

Design wind speed (Vz)
Vz=Vb*k1*k2*k3

where
Vb=design wind speed at any height z in m/s
k1=risk coefficient
k2=structure size factor
k3=topography factor

SEISMIC LOAD
The forces exerted on the structures due to
movement of acceleration of ground surfaces are
called Earthquake forces.
This acceleration can be divided into vertical and
horizontal components.
Vertical acceleration can be neglected.
But the horizontal component can be severe and
buildings erected in seismic zone, should be
designed on the basis of loads
For additional lateral loads which are equal to
some % of weight of the building.

Force calculation
Design lateral force (Qi)

Qi=Vb*
Wi*hi^2
i=1 to n Wi*hi^2
where Vb = Ah*w

Design spectrum(Ah)= Z*I*Sa/(2*R*g)

Z = zone factor
I = Importance factor
Sa/g = acceleration response spectrum
R = Response reduction factor
w = seismic weight of building
Wi = seismic weight of floor I
hi = height of floor from base of building
n = no.of stories

ANALYSIS
Analysis of the building means estimation
of loads acting on the each component of the
building on each floor like beams, columns
etc.,
Using this analysis we can compute the
Bending Moments and Shear Forces acting
on the beams, columns, and slabs.
Using this values we can design the
individual components of the structure.

DESIGN
Design Of Multistoried Building Consists of:

1. Design of Slabs
2. Design of Beams
3. Design of Columns
4. Design of Footings
5. Design of Stair-cases

SLABS
DEFINITION:-Slabs are plate elements forming
floors and roofs of distributed loads primarily by
flexure.
Slabs are classified according to the method of
support,
1.one-way slabs,
2.two-way slabs,
3.flat slabs,
4.circular slabs,
5.grid floors and ribbed beams.

BEAMS
A reinforced concrete beam should be able
to resist tensile, compressive and shear
stresses induced in it by the loads on them.
Beams are furthur classified into,
1.Singly reinforced beams,
2.Doubly reinforced beams,
3.Flanged beams

COLUMNS
A column may be defined as an element used primarily to
support axial compressive loads with a height of at least
three times its least lateral dimension.
Columns are subjected to ,
Axial load,
Uni-axial bending moment,
Bi-axial bending moment.
Columns may be classified on the basis of slenderness
ratio,
1.Short columns,
2.Long columns.

FOUNDATIONS

DEFINITION:- The foundation of a structure is that part of

the structure which transfers the load to the soil on which it
rests.
The ground on which the foundation rests is called the subgrade or foundation soil.
Foundations may be broadly classified in to,
Shallow foundations,
Deep foundations.
Shallow foundations are the common footings generally
adopted in cases of buildings,hospitals,schools buildings etc.
Isolated footings, combined footings, &wall footings are the
examples of Shallow foundations.
Pile foundations are the example of Deep foundations.

STAIR-CASES
DEFINITION:-The purpose of a stair_case is to be
provided pedestrain access to different levels with
in a building.
There are two main components of a stair-case :
Stairs and Landing slab.
Classification of stairs:1.Straight stairs,
2.Dog-legged stairs,
3.Open newel stairs,
4.Geometrical stairs.