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By Sabharish Murali
To condense vapors
Recover heat and save energy
To get the fluid stream at the required operating temperature
To drive power cycle
CLASSIFICATION
Flow
Counter
Cross
Parallel
Heat Exchangers
TYPES
Recuperative
Regenerative
Shell and
Tube
Tubular
Spiral Tube
Double
Pipe
In-Direct Type
Extended
Surface
Finned
Tube
Finned
Plate
Recuperative
Plate
Direct Type
Gasketed
plate
Spiral plate
Lamella
Rotary
regenerator
Disk Type
Drum Type
Regenerative
Fixed-Matrix
Regenerator
CLASSIFICATION
Shell and Tube HX
Fixed-tube bundle
Removable tube bundle
Floating-head Exchanger
U-tube Exchanger
TEMA Codes
Advantages
Disadvantages
Selection Criteria
CRITERIAS TO BE CONSIDERED
Materials of construction
CRITERIAS TO BE CONSIDERED
Maintenance, inspection, cleaning, extension
Overall economy
Fabrication techniques
Intended Applications
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
Should have a well defined corrosion rate in the service
environment
Strength to withstand pressure and temperature
Compact heat exchangers with extended surfaces need material
from any metal thats malleable, drawability and formability.
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Pressure
pressure
Thickness
FLOW RATES
Determines the flow area
FLOW ARRANGEMENTS
The choice of a particular flow arrangement is dependent on
Exchanger effectiveness
Construction type
Upstream and downstream ducting
Packaging envelope
PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
Thermal effectiveness
PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
Pressure drop
FOULING
Formation of undesirable deposits that impede heat transfer and
increase resistance to fluid flow is called fouling
Thermo-hydraulic performance decreases with time.
Affects the energy consumption of industrial processes and
decides the extra material required to compensate fouling.
Compact heat exchangers dont handle fouling well and is
preferred for non-fouling applications.
In shell and tube heat exchangers the fluid with fouling tendency
is put on the tube side.
FOULING
Plate heat exchangers and spiral plate exchangers are better for
fouling applications.
In spiral units, the scrubbing action of fluids on the curved
surfaces minimizes fouling.
OVERALL ECONOMY
2 major costs involved
OVERALL ECONOMY
Operating costs
Pumping costs
Maintenance costs like repairs, costs due to fouling/corrosion
Design needs to balance between thermal sizing and pressure
drop.
FABRICATION TECHNIQUES
Very important in selection of heat transfer surface matrix or core
Major factor in
Initial costs
Service life
Ease of maintenance
Integrity
FABRICATION TECHNIQUES
Example
APPLICATIONS
Application
Remarks
Medium-viscosity fluid
High-Viscosity fluid
Fouling liquids
APPLICATIONS
Application
Remarks
Use STEH
Air cooling
Cryogenic
Vapor condensation
Use STHE