Академический Документы
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an introduction to the
international regulations
for the prevention of
pollution by oil
Image courtesy of Dampskibsselskabet NORDEN AS
Tim Wilkins
Regional Manager Asia-Pacific
Environmental Manager
1.
2.
MARPOL
Annex I
i.
ii.
1. MARPOL
Torrey Canyon 1967
1. MARPOL
Amoco Cadiz 1978
1. MARPOL
The International Convention for the Prevention
of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
Just Oil
Operational
Reception facilities
1. MARPOL
Not just Oil
MARPOL Annexes I VI
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
1. MARPOL
MARPOL Implementation
Ship/Tanker design
Ship/Tanker operation
Regulations
1-5
6-11
12-17
18-36
37
38
Reception facilities
39
Oil tankers
Must be more than 50nm from nearest land (also defined)
30 litres per nautical mile
Discharged through the Oil Discharge Monitoring
Equipment (ODME)
Maximum discharge quantity on a ballast voyage should
not exceed 1/30,000 of the total quantity of the particular
cargo of which the residue formed a part
Baltic Sea
Black Sea
Red Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Gulf of Aden
Antarctic
Gulfs area
Northwest European waters
Southern South African waters
Oman area of the Arabian Sea
1983
1983
not in effect
1983
not in effect
1992
Aug 2008
1999
Aug 2008
not in effect
U.S phase-out from 1995 to 2010 (except for tankers with double
bottoms (db) or double sides (ds), tankers less than 5,000 gross tons and
tankers that call at LOOP or Designated Lightering Areas)
Newbuildings to be double-hulls
Single-hulls to be sbt/pl or hbl from 25 years with phase-out at 30 years
old or by 2015
BUT
Flag state may allow newer single-hulls to continue to 25 years (subject to CAS)
HOWEVER
Port state can deny such extended single-hull tankers from entering its ports
13G
Category 1 phase-out up to 2005
Categories 2&3 phase-out up to 2010
CAS required for Categories 2&3 over 15 years old
50
OPA90
40
30
20
10
15
20
14
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
20
03
80
49
41
33
32
29
26
23
% dwt share*:
78
60
DH
94
71
74
77
End 06
End 07
End 10*
20
59
68
End 05
51
67
End 04
40
22
End 03
End 02
1997
1991
SH/DB/DS
Certification
Surveys
FPSOs/FSUs
a.
b.
c.
FPSOs and FSUs are not oil tankers and are not to be used for
the transport of oil except that, with the specific agreement by
the flag and relevant coastal States on a voyage basis,
Conversion of an oil tanker to an FPSO or FSU or vice versa
should not be construed as a major conversion as defined in
regulation 1(8)
There are five categories of discharges that may be associated
with the operation of an FPSO or FSU:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
www.intertanko.com