PRESENTATION BY

Name

Matrix

Mohamad Radzi B. Mohd Sojak

FB14009

Afifah binti Othman

MA 14092

Rachel Ling Lee Shin

FB14026

Yap poh guan

FA13023

Ahmad Sapuwan Bin Abu Bakar

EA13052

Fatin Aisyah Nur Aida Binti Ahmad Lazimi

FA14108

Segregation
segregation or
separation of one
ethnic group by
another ethnic group.

integration
Consolidation process in
groups of different ethnic
backgrounds into a single
entity that is bound by the
norms and values and
common interests [National
Identity]

Malays ethnic are concentrated in the villages

and work as peasants, farmers, fishermen,
craftsmen, and etc..
Ethnic Chinese are concentrated in urban
areas and working in the mine, engage in the
retail business and etc..
Indians concentrated in estates and
plantations. Tappers, construction workers
and others.

British colonial rule for 170 years in this country led to the
doctrine of divide and rule is intended to maintain the power
and dominance of the colonial economy.
During the British colonial era. The British introduced the policies
of economic development and at the same time encourage the
entry of foreign workers from China and India.
Proceedings of the British indirectly alter the racial composition of
the country. During the British colonial era, a separate ethnic
relations in terms of cultural, economic, political, social, and
shelter.

In the Malaysian context, national integration

among the ethnic groups separate from the
cultural, religious, social and residential areas.
Integration can only be transformed when
people of various ethnic groups that are willing
to apply the elements of
accommodation
acculturation
Assimilation

Accommodation
is a process that requires the cooperation of
two or more parties with different goals to
establish a goal that can satisfy both parties

Acculturation
the process of adopting the cultural elements
among individuals or groups of any other
culture different
Assimilation
is a process of absorption of cultural elements
from one culture to another culture.

CHALLENGES OF
INTEGRATION IN
MALAYSIA

FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENCETUS
PERPECAHAN :
1.PREJUDICE / PRASANGKA:
Kesimpulan yang dibuat berdasarkan perasaan dalaman (negatif) individu/kelompok
terhadap individu/kelompok yang lain tanpa bukti / maklumat yang betul.
2.STEREOTYPES/ STEREOTAIP:
Kenyataan umum terhadap sesuatu kumpulan etnik, sama ada berbentuk positif
atau negatif.
Dengan kata lain, stereotaip ialah gambaran yang berlebih-lebihan tentang
sesuatu perlakuan baik atau buruk yang ditujukan kepada sesuatu kumpulan atau
etnik oleh etnik lain.

3. ETHNOCENTRISM/ ETNOSENTRISME:
Kepercayaan atau rasa bangga yang wujud dalam kalangan etnik bahawa budaya
dan etnisiti mereka adalah lebih baik dan unggul berbanding kelompok lain.
4.RACISM / PERKAUMAN:
Pandangan,pemikiran atau kepercayaan negatif oleh sesuatu kelompok sosial
terhadap kelompok social yang lain berdasarkan ciri-ciri fizikal dan biologinya.
5.DISCRIMINATION/ DISKRIMINASI :
Merujuk kepada layanan buruk sesuatu kumpulan etnik terhadap kumpulan etnik
lain,biasanya oleh kumpulan etnik dominan terhadap kumpulan etnik minoriti.

Perpecahan boleh berlaku jika

wujudnya konflik:
Menurut Prof.Dr Mansor Mohd.Noor :

Perpecahan juga boleh berlaku apabila

wujudnya konflik antara kumpulan
masyarakat, kedudukan lokasi kelas,taraf
pendidikan, kemahiran kerja, pendapatan
dan budaya hidup yang sesetengahnya
membatasi peluang mobiliti sosial
mereka untuk keluar dari golongan
miskin.
(2006.Hubungan Etnik Di Malaysia.Kuala Lumpur.Prentice Hall
Malaysia)

KONFLIK INI BERLAKU

DISEBABKAN:

1.KEMISKINAN
2.PENGANGURAN
3.KERUMITAN MENANGGUNG KOS HIDUP
YANG TERUS MENINGKAT.
PERKHIDMATAN AWAM YANG KURANG
MEMUASKAN
4.KETERPINGGIRAN DAN
KETIDAKSAMARATAN DALAM
MASYARAKAT.
5. GEJALA SOSIAL YANG BERLELUASA DAN
WUJUD BANYAK KUMPULAN SAMSENG.

PERANAN KERAJAAN:
Memupuk semangat hubungan etnik yang harmoni
menjadi agenda untuk kerajaan yang dilaksanakan
menerusi perancangan dasar-dasar tertentu.

Memperkenalkan konsep 1 Malaysia oleh Perdana

Menteri Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak dengan slogan
Rakyat didahulukan Pencapaian Diutamakan

TUJUAN 1 MALAYSIA

Melahirkan bangsa
Malaysia yang lebih
berdaya tahan dalam
menghadapi cabaran
yang dibawa oleh
arus globalisasi.

Memperkukuhkan hubungan
dan kerjasama antara rakyat
pelbagai etnik di Negara ini.

Aspek:
-Penerapan terasteras perpaduan
- Penerapan dalam
nilai-nilai aspirasi.

DEFINITION
To understand more clearly about the
programs Jabatan Perpaduan Negara
dan Integrasi Nasional as well as issues
of national cohesion and integration,
some of the concepts and terms related
to it should be understood
Cultivate and maintain unity among ethnic

HISTORY

 Majlis Gerakan Negara (MAGERAN) was

established from 13 mei 1969
1 july 1969, MAGERAN establish
Jabatan Perpaduan Negara (JPN) to
overcome the issue related to racial
unity

After MAGERAN dissolved ,Majlis

Penasihat Perpaduan Negara was
esablished on 23 february 1971 to
nurture and preserve unity among ethnic

Majlis Penasihat Perpaduan Negara is placed

under the responsibility of Jabatan
Perpaduan Negara(JPN)
JPN placed under Kementerian Perpaduan
Negara dan Pembangunan Masyarakat and
then under Jabatan Perdanan Menteri with
the name of Perpaduan Negara dan
Integrasi Nasional (JPNIN)

Isssue 13 Mei
1969

MAGERAN
established

1 julai 1969
JPN
established

MAGERAN
dissolved

Majlis Penasihat
Perpaduan negara
established in 23
february 1971

JPN is placed under

Kementerian
Perpaduan dan
Pembangunan
Masyarakat

JPN is placed under

the responsibility of
Jabatan Perdana
Menteri with name
JPININ

Government Policy

GOVERNMENT POLICY

Socio-economic policy
- Dasar Pendidikan Kebangsaan
- Dasar Kebudayaan Kebangsaan
- Dasar Ekonomi Baru
Reinforced by the Rukun Negara which
is the ideology of our country.

Dasar Pembangunan Negara

Dasar Wawasan Negara
Dasar Sosial Negara
Enhanced by Wawasan 2020
Objective : To reduce and control political
actions that will affect
the unity among people.

STRATEGIES THAT FOSTER AND ENHANCE

UNITY AND INTEGRATION
Strategy Persefahaman Politik
Strategi Keseimbangan Ekonomi
Strategi Sistem Pendidikan
Strategi Penggunaan Bahasa Kebangsaan
Strategi Kepercayaan Agama
Strategi Kebudayaan
Strategi Integrasi Wilayah
Strategi Keselamatan

Strategi Pembangunan Kawasan

Strategi Penggunaan Tenaga Manusia
Strategi Media Massa
Strategi Kesukanan
Strategi Perpaduan dan Pertubuhan
Sukarela
Strategi Penyelidikan dan Penerbitan
Bahan Bacaan
Strategi Pemantauan Isu-isu Semasa dan
Konflik

Strategi Penubuhan Panel Penasihat

Perpaduan Negara (PANEL) dan
jawatankuasa Penasihat Perpaduan
Peringkat Negeri (JKPPN)
Strategi Program dan Aktiviti Perpaduan
Memperkasakan Sekolah Kebangsaan
Memperkasakan Sekolah Wawasan
Memperkenalkan Program Latihan
Khidmat Negara (PLKN)

Role of community in the

context of ethnic relation

Rukun Tetangga
Year 1975
Rukun Tetangga is introduced.
The objective is to control the safety in residental areas.

1 Januari 1983
The govornmont has made changes to Peraturan Perlu(Rukun Tetangga)
1975.
Focus on the concept of neighbourhood to foster the spirit of
neighbourhood among the community.
Tahun 2000
A more complete community developement towards national unity

Open house
Can be seen during festivals of different races in Malaysia.
People of different races visits each others.
Tolerance among different races:
Chinese New Year, Deepavali

Halal foods are prepared

when inviting Malay friends
to come over for the
celebration of festival.

Hari Raya Aidilfitri

Beef is not prepared for

Indian friends.

To create a peaceful and harmony community and to build

stronger relationship between each other.

ACCEPTANCE OF THE CULTURE

Non-Malay communities such as the

Chinese, and Indians as well as the
natives ethnic groups in Sabah and
Sarawak has received Malay ethnic
cultures in terms of clothing and food.
For example, the non-Malays such as
Indian, Chinese and Kadazan Dusun was
wearing baju kurung and baju Melayu.

In fact, the trend of dressing and enjoying

Malay food has become a normal for nonMalay ethnic.

Indian Food

Malay Food

For the Malays, they began to receive Chinese and Indians

cuisine, and the giving of duit raya have been using the
envelopes or Ang Pow which are famous among the Chinese
people.

The architecture of buildings and mosques also have

the characteristics of an ethnicity.
For example:
Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque (Masjid
Jubli Perak Sultan Ismail) or known as Beijing
Mosque is a Chinese-style mosque in Rantau
Panjang, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Similar to the Niujie Mosque 1,000 years old in
Beijing China

Niujie Mosque, Beijing

Beijing Mosque, Malaysia

PROGRAMS AT INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING

(IHL)

Encouragement of the Administration, especially the Student

Affairs through associations, holds activities and programmes
related to the unity among students,
For example:
Hari Raya is celebrated in the university regardless of race and
religion.
Lantern Festival activities are also accompanied by the Malays.

In the area of student leadership, was not dominated

by a particular ethnic group, but also comprises
various ethnic groups.
Unity Club or Club Rukun Negara was established in
universities as an effort to instill awareness of the
importance of ethnic unity.
Students are also encouraged to intensify and enhance
the co-curricular activities such as sports programs,
clubs, associations, exhibitions and lectures.

The content of courses closely related to the

educational aspects of harmony in a multi-ethnic can
instill spiritual values and culture,
For example:
The subject of Nationhood.

The subject of Islamic civilization and Asia.

Subject Ethnic Relations.

ROLE OF NGO IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNIC

RELATIONS

 Objective of establishment-accelerate the process of ethnic

relation in Malaysia.
NGO : Majlis Belia Malaysia (MBM)
Its leadership is composed of multi-ethnic
NGO that composed of mono-ethnic are :

Pergerakan Belia 4B
Persatuan Belia Tamil
Dewan Perniagaan Cina
Dewan Perniagaan India Malaysia
Dewan Perniagaan Melayu Malaysia

Aim - Established to provide a variety of dialogues and seminars

in understanding the problem and its solution.

 Science and technology

Factors increasing ethnic relations in Malaysia for

economic progress in science and technology,etc:
o
o

industry
biotechnology

Funds and grants from the private sector and the

establishment of certain institutions is generating and
economic development in country.
o
o

Koridor Raya Multimedia(MSC)

Akademi Sains

Multinational Corporation (MNC)

Sponsored activities that foster unity among the
various ethnic communities,program conducted are;

education sponsorship/scholarship

Care for the environment

welfare

Also known as Corporate Social Responsibility

program.

(CSR)

CONCLUSION

Every ethnic has their own specific identity and practiced by their people.
This diversity is a uniqueness to the Malaysian community.
The purpose of the effects to celebrate the diversity is to create harmony
among Malaysian.
Every citizen must respect the identity and rights of other ethnic.
The involvement of all parties are able to improve our efforts
towards strengthening the relationship among ethnics.