DUAL FUEL ENGINES

-BY HARSH PATEL

&
AADESH PATANKAR

INTRODUCTION
As in this modern world the liquid fuels such as diesel and
petrol are not cheaper now a days.
Gaseous fuels are much cheaper than liquid fuels.
This gave rise to dual fuel engines.
From recent air and water pollution concern it became
necessary to utilize sewage gas.
In dual fuel engines there are 2 types of fuel used at the same
time.

WORKING
It works on diesel cycle. Gaseous fuel (primary
fuel) is added to air inducted into the engine or
supplied by supercharger.
The mixture of air and gaseous fuel gets
compressed into the cylinder.
Liquid fuel (pilot fuel) injected which acts as a
source of ignition.
Gas-air mixture ignites establishing a number of
flame-fronts.(The flame speed is the measured rate of expansion of
the flame front in a combustion reaction.)

Let us take an example of Methane + Diesel Dual fuel

engines

 This system blends diesel with methane to allow

diesel engines to offer all the benefits of methane:
lower cost and less polluting emissions.
The system's sophisticated special electronics blend
the two fuels, giving preference to use of methane.
This technology permits conversion with no changes
to the engine; ignition begins with diesel and is then
extended to methane. Use of a minimal amount of
diesel is necessary to guarantee the vehicle's original
performance, driveability and lifespan.
The electronic DDF unit calculates the correct
amountof each fuel in real time, replacing a portion
of the diesel with methane in optimised percentages

 The electronic DDF unit calculates the correct

amount of each fuel in real time, replacing a portion
of the diesel with methane
in optimised percentages.
The percentages of natural gas and diesel are
calculated on the basis of engine rpm and load to
guarantee maximum benefits in terms of durability,
emissions and fuel savings.

 As you can see in the first graph only diesel is used in

the engine. We can also see torque generated by the
engine and RMP
Now in the second graph, a mixture of METHANE &
DIESEL is used.
We can observe that the same amount of fuel
generates same amount of TORQUE and RPM
This is what we call a methane diesel dual fuel
engine

Performance
Produces equal power when operating on liquid
fuels as with gaseous fuel.
Dual fuel engines are slightly more efficient to
conventional diesel at full load.
Efficiency of dual in part load is slightly poor
Typical diesel efficiency is 41% and dual efficiency
is 38.5%

An Iran diesel engine manufacturing

company, DESA, is designing an advanced
dual-fuel engine that runs on a blend of
natural gas (NG) and diesel fuel.

Advantages
Efficient utilization of cheap gas available from
various sources.
Gas burns without leaving any residue (no
pollution)
Clean combustion results in reduced wear of
engine parts and reduced consumption of
lubricating oil.

 Increased utility of the power plant as the

versatility of change-over from gas to diesel and
vice-versa.

Only a small amount of liquid fuel needed to run

engine.
Suitable for total energy installation (sewage gas)

The system is added to the existing diesel motor as a "slave"

system, ensuring:
Lower fuel costs
Same performance in terms of torque/power and driveability
Maintenance of the same emissions class (where required for
HC, CO, NOx)
Greater mileage than the original vehicle (addition of a
second fuel)
Switchback, meaning you can go back to diesel operation
automatically or by flipping a switch
Maximum flexibility for adaptation to various types of diesel
engines
Less CNG containers than Mono-fuel CNG vehicles.

BENEFITS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

40% - 50% less PM10 than with diesel

50% less exhaust opacity
Up to 14% less CO2 emissions
Up to 40% less noise
With the same power as a gasoline engine emitting 100g/km
of CO2

Cycle EightGasoline: 100 g/km

LPG: 89 g/km
CNG: 80 g/km
Diesel CycleDiesel: 85 g/km
DDF: 73 g/km

REFFERED FROM http://www.dieselmetano.it/en/dual_fuel.php

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