The Educational system in Romania

The Romanian educational system is based on a

tuition-free system.
Access to free education till 18 years old is
guaranteed by Article 32 in the Constitution of
Romania.

 Compulsory education includes 11 grades.

Theoretically, children become pupils at the age
of 6 and finish compulsory school at the age of
17.

The structure of the pre-university education is

the result of the reform process started in the
early 90s and assisted by the EU through
pre-integration programmes.

Romanian educational system includes

Pre-school Education
Primary Education
Lower Secondary Education - gymnazium
Higher Secondary Education
Post-high school Education
Higher Education

VET in Romania
VET is including:

Initial VET named TVET

Continuing VET named CVT
TVET is delivred through the formal system and, in the near
future, also through apprenticeship schemes by enterprises in
cooperation with education and training providers

The structure of TVET system

TVET is developed in the new law at secondary education level
containing two alternatives, as follows:
The technological high-school, includes:
the lower cycle, namely grades X-XI, that are leading to acquiring
general (non-certificated) competences in a number of domains,
part of three profiles: resources, techniques, and services; at the
end of the 11th grade , after a practical training stage the
students can acquire a professional qualification of level 2 (level 3
EQF)
the upper cycle, grades XI XII, that are leading to level ISCED 3
and professional qualification level 3 level 4 EQF
8

 The vocational school, includes:

training programmes ( with a duration of 6months-2
years) based on occupational standards conducting
to a professional qualification of lower level

The TVET system also includes:

The Post-high schools that represent a specialised TVET route
of 1-3 years leading to acquiring certificated competences for
vocational qualifications level 3 advanced (level 5 EQF).

10

TVET profiles
Three major profiles relate to the envisaged trades and
specialisations, as follows:
Techniques, comprising the fields of mechanics,
electromechanical and electrical, electronics and, automation,
constructions and civil works, telecommunications, light industry,
transports, industrial chemistry, wood processing

11

 Services, comprising the fields of tourism and

catering, food & beverage, commerce and related
services, post, economics and public
administration, health and social assistance, as
well as other services deserving industry and
population
Resources, comprising the fields of food industry,
forestry, agriculture, agro-tourism, animal
breeding and veterinary, environment protection

TVET providers
Public vocational and technical education (part of the secondary
education) is financed mainly from the public budget.
The system includes also private units of all types of schools.
Public and private schools are subject to accreditation of programmes,
and a quality assurance methodology, which enables TVET schools to
produce annual self-assessment reports and improvement plans subject to external audits.

13

Institutions having roles in TVET

Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sport
for TVET delivred through education system
Ministry of Labour, Family and Social Protection
for VET delivred through apprenticeship system
and for CVT
National Authority for Qualifications, supported by
Sectoral Committees, reorganised by unifying National
Adult Training Board and National Agency for
Qualifications in Higher Education

14

MoERYS- institutional structures involved in

TVET
National Centre for Evaluation in Pre-university Education
National Centre for TVET Development
National Agency for Quality Assurance in Pre-university
Education- ARACIP
Institute of Educational Sciences
15

Regional intervention is made predominately by

the County School Inspectorates.

National TVET schools network

National TVET schools network
1600

1495

1474

1367

1400

1316

1266

1266

1200
1000

844
800

692

713
611

600

518

558

516

516

400
200

2003 - 2004

2004 - 2005

2005 - 2006
schools units

2006 - 2007

2007 - 2008

2008 - 2009

2009 - 2010

schools units in rural area

17

TVET students enrollment within secondary

education
TVET students enrolment within secondary education
65.00%

60.00%

59.57%

59.98%

59.76%

59.94%

60.13%

2003 -2004

2004 - 2005

2005 - 2006

2006 - 2007

2007 - 2008

59.14%

59.17%

55.00%

50.00%

45.00%

40.00%

2008 - 2009

2009 - 2010 18

Students enrollment in TVET

Students enrolment in TVET
700000

637803

618951

628554

618116

608327

575757

600000

563961

500000
400000
300000
200000
100000

74824

84427

79113

70834

65598

63588

59139

2003 -2004

2004 - 2005

2005 - 2006

no. of students

2006 - 2007

2007 - 2008

2008 - 2009

2009 - 2010

no. of students in rural area

19

Students enrollment in TVET in rural areas

Students enrolment in TVET in rural area
14.00%

13.24%
12.59%

12.09%
12.00%

11.46%
10.78%

11.04%

2007 - 2008

2008 - 2009

10.49%

10.00%

8.00%

6.00%

4.00%

2.00%

0.00%
2003 - 2004

2004 - 2005

2005 - 2006

2006 - 2007

20
2009 - 2010

Thank you for your attention!