Tulang

May Valzon

Jaringan Tulang
Bone is a specialized connective tissue
composed of intercellular calcified material
Matriks tulang
3 jenis Sel:
osteocytes
Osteoblasts
osteoclasts

Sel Punca Jaringan Ikat

Osteoblast
F (x) synthesis of the organic components of
bone matrix (type I collagen, proteoglycans, and
glycoproteins)
Located at the surfaces of bone tissue seperti
epithelim
Bentuk berubah2 sesaui dg aktivitas sintesis
matrix
Osteoblast terkurung dalam matrix ostecyte di
dalam lacuna

Ostecyte
Only one osteocyte is found in each lacuna
Memiliki banyak processus sitoplasmic bertindak
sebagai gap junction
Osteocytes are long-living cells

Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts are very
large, branched motile
cells
Contain from 5 to 50 (or
more) nuclei
Howship's lacunae
resorption, osteoclasts
lie within enzymatically
etched depressions

Galur Osteoblast dan Osteclast

RESORPSI

MATRIX TULANG
Inorganic matter represents about 50% of the dry
weight of bone matrix
Ca2+ dan P abundant hydroxyapatite crystals with
the composition Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
But bicarbonate, citrate, magnesium, potassium, and
sodium are also found
Berbeda dg kristal hidroksiapatit pada batu
The organic matter in bone matrix is type I collagen
and ground substance
Bahan organik ini akan terkalsifikasi keras
dekalsifikasi lunak seperti tendon

System Harvers

Histogenesis
OSSIFIKASI INTRAMEMBRANOSA
OSSIFIKASI ENDOCHONDRAL

Periosteum & Endosteum

External and internal surfaces of bone
bone-forming cells + connective tissue
Sharpey's fibers periosteal collagen fibers
osteoprogenitor cells
F(X): Nutrition of osseous tissue and
provision of a continuous supply of
new osteoblasts for repair or growth
of bone.

Bone Growth & Remodeling

Bone growth partial resorption of preformed tissue
+ the simultaneous laying down of new bone
Bone remodeling (bone turnover)
Anak-anak sangat cepat dan terkait dg bone growth
Dewasa dynamic physiological process pd beberapa
tempat di tulang tdk berhubungan dg bone growth

Contoh: Pertumbuhan tulang cranium

Bone growth di permukaan externa dan antar sutura
Resorpsi permukaan dalam

Fracture Repair

Metabolic Role of Bone Tissue

Calcium dan Fosfat
Dua mekanisme mobilisasi Calcium:
Cepat physical mechanism simple transfer of
ions from hydroxyapatite crystals to interstitial
fluid
Terjadi pada spongy bone

Lambat Parathyroid hormone

menghambat aktivitas osteoblast menghasilkan
tulang ; merangsang osteoblast menghasilkan
osteoclast-stimulating factor

Tinjauan Klinis
OSTEOPORESIS & OSTEOPETROSIS
Effects of Nutritional Deficiencies on Bone Tissue
Ca dan Vit D
Rickets kekurangan calcium pada anak
Ostemalacia kekurangan calcium pada dewasa

Hormones Acting on Bone Tissue

GH
Hormon T4/T3

Bone Tumors
Jinak osteoblastoma, osteoclastoma
Ganas osteosarcoma