THE CA ON THE LEVEL OF

MORPHOLOGY

Arrange By: Group 2

Y-C Class
English Education Program
Faculty of Language and Art
University of Indraprasta PGRI

Arrange By: Group 2

Y-C Class

Name :
NIA QURATUL AIN 201312570010
NANIK RAHAYU 201212500412
LULU SYAFWITA 201212500400
AYU FATIMAH 201212500420
PUJI ASTUTI 201212500362
MARIA HEMAS 201212500415
SUHARYANI 201212500421
YUYUN WAHYUNINGSIH 201212500372
RENI INTAN 201212500363
JULIA SAGITA 201212500644

Morphological process?
Morphological process is a mean of
changing a stem to adjust its meaning
to fit its syntactic and comunicational
context.

Morphological Process.
In English, there are two
kinds of morphological
process.
Affixation.

Suffixes
Prefixes
Replacement

In indonesian, there are two

kinds of morphological
process.
Affixation
Prefixes
Infixes
Suffixes
Confixes
Simulfiks

Reduplication

Two Kinds of Morphological Process in English

Affixation.

Suffixes
Prefixes

Replacement

AFFIXATION

1. Suffixes are
morpheme added to
the end of a word.

Example:

careless
The suffix is less
The suffix less means without

so the word careless means

without care

1. Inflectional Suffix
Inflectional suffix, does not involve a change of part

of speech or word of class.

-s

book-books, worker-workers, walkwalks,sleep-sleeps

-ed

learn-learned,wash-washed

-ing

study-studying,swim-swimming

-er

clever-cleverer,fast-faster

-est

clever-cleverest, fast-fastest

Derivational Suffix

Derivational suffix, involve a change of part of

speech or word of class and change the meaning.
-ment : development
-ion : demonstration, description
-ness : carelessness, happiness,
-ist : novelist, realist
-dom : freedom, kingdom

Example Derivational Suffix

Affixation
2. Prefixes
Prefixes are morpheme
that are added to the
beginning of a word.
A prefix changes the

meaning of a word.

Example:
preschool
The prefix is pre The prefix pre means before so the
word preschool means before school
en- : enlarge
be- : befriend
un- : unhappy

Replacement
Replacement occurs in nouns, verbs, and adjectives

Noun

Criterion criteria
Woman woman
Mouse Mice
Phenomenon - Phenomena

Verb

Eat-ate
Speak spoke
Become became
Know-knew

Adjective

Good-Better-Best
Bad-Worse-Worst
Little Less - Least

Morphological Process In Indonesia

In indonesian, there are two kinds of morphological
process.
Affixation
Prefixes
Infixes
Suffixes
Confixes
Simulfiks
Reduplication

Affixation
Prefixes :

Prefiks is an affix that is placed in the front of basic

words (free morphemes). According to S.
TakdirAlisjahbana (1980 : 40), prefix di-, ke-, ter- has
function to declare place and pasif form.
Example:
me- : mereproduksi (me+reproduksi)
ke- : kedepan (ke+depan)
me-: menjadi (men+jadi), membuat (mem+buat)
Di- : dilarang (di+larang)
Ter-:terbesar (ter-besar)

Infixes
Infixes:

Infix is an affix that is placed inside the basic of

words : -el-,-em-,-er-,-inExample:
-el (gelembung)
-em (gemetar)
-er (gerigi).

Suffixes
Sufiks is an affix which is placed in the behind of

basic words.
Example:
-an (bacaan),
-i (surgawi) wi is allomorph suffix i,
-in (jalanin)
-an : satuan (satu+an, makanan (makan+nan)
-kan : campurkan (campur+kan), belikan (beli+kan)

Confixes:

Confixes is an affix which consists of two elements,

in front of the basic form and behind the basic form.

Example:
me-kan (merahasiakan),
pe-an (pekerjaan),
per-an (perkuliahan), and ber-an (berpakaian).

Simulfiks
Simulfix is an affix which is manifested by segmental
characteristics that melted on the bottom. It
functions is to form the basic verb.
Example:
antarbank (antar+bank)
Ekstrakulikuler (ekstra+kulikuler)

Reduplication
Reduplication is an important device to show plurality
which is in english shown by the plural suffixes. In
indonesian, nouns, adjectives, and verbs can be
reduplicated to show pluralized.
Example :
NOUN
Rumah-rumahnya besar (the houses is base)
Sebesar-besarnya (from base besar)
Verb
Kerja-kerjaran

CONTRASTIVE OF AFFIXATION
IN ENGLISH AND INDONESIA
INDONESIA

SIMILIARITY

ENGLISH

There are Suffixes and

Prefixes
Makes a new word and
change the meaning

DIFFERENTIATION

5 types of affixation

2 types of affixation

limited

Many morpheme in
afixation

free

Affixation should be put

in correct word

CONTRASTIVE OF REPLACEMENT
IN ENGLISH AND REDUPLICATION IN INDONESIA
SIMILIARITY

INDONESIA

ENGLISH

Occur in adjective, noun and verb

Makes pluralization at noun

DIFFERENTIATION

Not change grammatical

and superlative

in adjective happen
superlative example : bad,
- worse-worst

There is repetition of the

basic word such as ;
rumah-rumahnya

In verb it changes
grammatical example
speak-spoke - spoken
Affixation should be put
in correct word

PART OF SPEECH
Both of English and Indonesia there is no differences in part of speech.
NO

ENGLISH

INDONESIAN

Noun: pen, dog, work, music, town, London, teacher, John

Kata benda (Noun): Kakak, Adik, Bapak, Ibu,

Rumah, Kursi, Meja

verb: be, have, do, like, work, sing

Kata

kerja

(verb):

pulang,

pergi,

belajar,

menginterogasi, diwawancarai, keluar, merokok

3

Adjective: good, big, red, well, interesting

Kata sifat (adjective): bagus, sedih, indah, elok,

jauh, baik, manis, malas, rajin, angkuh, sombong

pronoun: I, you, he, she, someone

Kata ganti (pronoun) : aku, saya, kami, kita,

engkau, kamu, Anda, kalian, dia.

Adverb: : quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really

Kata keterangan (Adverb): memang, pasti,

tentu, barangkali, mungkin, kiranya, rasanya,
agaknya

PART OF SPEECH
NO
6

ENGLISH
numeral: how many, first, second

INDONESIAN
Kata bilangan (numeral): dua, sebelas, tiga puluh
lima, seperempat

Preposition: to, at, after, on, but

Kata depan (Preposition): di, pada, dalam, atas,

antara, dari, daripada, ke, kepada

Conjunction: and, but, when

Kata sambung (Conjunction) : dan, dengan,

serta, atau, tetapi, namun, sedangkan, tapi

Kata sandang (Article) : a, an, the, this, that, these,

Kata sandang (Article) : kah, lah, tah, pun, per

those
10

Kata seru (interjection) : oh!, , hi!, ,ouch! well!

Kata seru (interjection) : ayo, mari

Morphologycal Process Part of Speech

in English and Indonesian Language

Noun

Verbs

Noun

ENGLISH
INDONESIAN

Adverbs
Adjective

Verb

Example
ENGLISH
1

Nouns

Plural suffix : -s, -es

House > Houses

Car > cars

Verbs

Suffix : -s, -ed

Learn > learned

Want > wants

Adjective

Suffix : -er, -est

Smart Smater
Good Best

Adverds

Suffix : -ly

Countinous > Continously

Perfect > Perfectly

INDONESIA
NO

Part of speech

infixation

Nouns

- an

makan makanan

ke - an

kesulitan

Me an

beri memberikan

Verbs

Example :

CONTRASTIVE OF PART OF SPEECH

INDONESIA

DIFFERENTIATION

ENGLISH

Repetition of basic word

Additional s, -es at
NOUN

No tenses

At Verb : There are

present and past, future
At Verb : There are
reguler and irreguler

Additional word lebih

and makin

At adjective : to show
superlative should be put
morpheme er est,
more, most

Addtional word
denganand secara

Additional morpheme
suffixes -ly