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Project Design Presented to the

Electrical / Electronics Engineering Department


Eastern Visavas State University
Tacloban City

PROGRAMMABLE
SCHOOL BELL
Presented By:
Danika Jan P. Basada
Jay Mark C. Pacantara
Josiah Jay S.Samaniego

CHAPTER 1
Introduction

Background of the study


The simple school bell system is going
through a modern makeover. Schools are
finding that the automatic school bell provides
a better use of staff and student time. Some
schools now prefer automatic school bell than
manual operation of college bell because it
creates a lot of disturbance caused by human
error.

Statement of the problem


The following are problem that our project seeks
to be resolved:

School bell are inadequate due to the fact that


they are too simple to manipulate by most users.
Does not display the current time and outdated audible
stimulation methods to warn the user
Creates lot of disturbance caused by human error
Hearing loss to those in the proximity caused by nearby
proximity to the noisy bell.

Significance of the Study


The design would be beneficial to
the following:
Administration- The Administration would
not worry of ringing the alarm every time or
would not hire an operator to manually ring the
bell since the School Bell will be programmed
for it will work automatically.

Students- The class schedule of the


students will be followed accordingly
since the School Bell Alarm will indicate
the start and end of every class period.
Instructor- The instructors schedule
will also be followed since the instructor
will be aware if the time for his/her class
is not yet over or had passed, thus, the
time intended for class hours will be
maximized.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

Our design, having set the objectives would


have several features:

SCOPE OF THE STUDY


It would be able to ring the bell at the exact time as
set by the user.
It displays Real time clock that keeps track of the
current time.
The sound of the alarm can be heard across the
room, and will ring for about 30 seconds.
This device can be turn off during weekends and
still the current time is stored on the RTC. Thus the
current time will be displayed when the device is
turned on.
The time display is in 24 hour format.

However the following areas are the limitation


of our design, most of which are not to be
addressed due to limited resources.

The school bell is limited to eight (8)


programmable time.
The design project will not be able to
ring the bell if power failure occurs.
The time will not be displayed either.
This device will be destroyed in the
presence of a liquid substance. Keep
on a dry place.

Definition of Terms
School Bell
- A school bell is a signal in a school that tells the
students when it is time to go to class in the morning
and when it is time to change classes during the day.
RTC
- A clock that keeps track of the time even when the
computer is turned off. Real-time clocks run on a
special battery that is not connected to the normal
power supply. In contrast, clocks that are not realtime do not function when the computer is off.

Arduino UNO
- The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based
on the ATmega328 . It has 14 digital input/output pins
(of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog
inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with
a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or
battery to get started.
7-Segment
- a form of electronic display device for
displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to
the more complex dot matrix displays.

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
AND
STUDIES

Review of Related Literature

A School bell is a signal in a school that tells


the students when it is time to go to class in the
morning and when it is time to change classes
during the day. In some schools it may take the
form of a physical bell, usually electrically
operated. In other schools it may be a tone, siren,
electronic bell sound, a series of chimes, or music
played over an intercom.

History of Alarm
In 14th century the first mechanical clocks were
made
Probably in 15th century the earliest alarm clock
found reference to is a German iron wall clock with a
bronze bell.
In 1620 Household clocks were in use and some of
them had alarm mechanisms. The alarm is simple in
concept, typically having a cam that rotates every 12
hours.
In 1787 New Hampshire invented the first alarm
clock

In 1820's Simon Willard of Grafton,


Massachusetts, made alarm time timepieces
sometimes called lighthouse clocks .

In 1820's - 30's some of the American wooden


works shelf clocks have a alarms.
In 1840 many brass movement shelf clocks
were made.
In the late 1870's small alarm clocks became
popular.

In 1876 Seth Thomas Clock Company was


granted a patent for a small bedside alarm clock .
In 1876 Seth Thomas Clock Company was
granted a patent for a small bedside alarm clock .
In 1885 an improved method of small clock
construction was founded by Westclox .
In 1995 the Westclox Moonbeam was
introduced. This clock's alarm flashes a light on
and off, then a buzzer sounds.

Review of Related Studies


The time is shown on a 4-digit 7-segment display. The LED
has 12 pins (1 per digit, 7 for each segment, and one for the
decimal point). The display is "multiplexed" which means that
the code quickly draws each digit in sequence. Persistence
of vision makes it look like all 4 digits are active at once.
The alarm is equipped with a DS1307 real time clock
module. The real time clock has a back-up battery, so the
time is not lost if the power should fail. The backup battery
apparently keeps time for around 10 years. The alarm will
ring for 30 seconds, but it is programmable which means you
can decide on how long you want the alarm to ring. It will
only ring from Monday to Friday, the code can determine the
day of the week from the clock chip, and thus only sound the
alarm on weekdays.

This saves the problem of turning the


alarm off on the weekend, and forgetting to
turn it back on Sunday night. Theres also a
slider switch that adds an hour to the time as
read from the clock chip. Thus you simply slide
it across at the start of Daylight Saving Time,
and back again at the end. To save pins, a
simple analogue keypad with 4 buttons is
used. The buttons are alarm set key, time set
key, increment value and decrement value.
The navigation buttons and enter button is
placed in a typical joystick like layout.

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

Research Instrument

The following are the main component,


equipment and software that were used
on making this project:

Arduino UNO
-This serves as the brain of the circuit. It
executes the program that is stored in it.
- The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as
PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It
contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer
with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.

Arduino IDE (Integrated Development


Environment)
-this is where we sketch the command program

7-segment

-This is where the time will be displayed in 24


hours format.
PUSHBUTTON

- 4 pushbutton will be used in this project,


for alarm set key, increment value, decrement
value and time set key.
Proteus
- is software for microprocessor simulation,
schematic capture, and printed circuit board
(PCB) design.

FLOWCHART

START
Obtain the
current time.

Render time on the


7 segment display.

Is there any time


set for the alarm
to trigger?

NO

YES
Display on the 7 segment will
change to predetermined time
setting of alarm to trigger.
Display on the 7 segment
will return on the current
time.
When the predetermined time
becomes equal to the current
time displayed on the 7 segment
the bell will ring for 30
seconds.

The current
time will be the
same

3 Project Testing
When the project is done, a test must be conducted to ensure
the whole system is working properly.
Did the current time
displayed on the 7segment.
(Yes/No)

Set of time for the alarm to


ring.

8:00 am
10:00 am
12:00 noon
2:00 pm
4:00 pm
5:00 pm
7:00 pm
8:00 pm

Did the alarm ring?


(Yes/No)

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