TYPES OF

COMPOUNDS

REVIEW

Name some alloys and their uses

COMPOUND

is a pure substance that is made up of two or

more elements, and can be decomposed by
ordinary chemical means.

Water, the most familiar compound, can be

decomposed by electrolysis into the
elements hydrogen and oxygen.

TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
are

the materials of living or once living things

Since all organic compounds contain carbon, they
produce a black residue when they are burned or
charred.
Most of the compounds are insoluble in water
some of the few exceptions are sugar, alcohol
and acetic acid or vinegar.

TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
are

those that do not come from living things.

They are sometimes referred to as mineral
compounds because they usually come from the
nonliving components of the earths crust.
They can be classified into four groups: acids,
bases, salts and oxides

COMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS

ACIDS
are

water solutions of the compounds of

hydrogen that can turn blue litmus to red or
bromothymol blue to yellow.
they impart a sour taste
Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid) is used as a
cleansing and pickling agent because of its strong
and corrosive reaction with many materials.
Their formulas begin with H

COMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS

BASES
are

compounds called hydroxides

Their formulas end in OH (hydroxyl ion)
They have bitter taste
Can turn red litmus to blue and phenolphthalein
to pink
Lye, limewater, ammonia water and milk of
magnesia
Are used to neutralize acids

COMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS

OXIDES
Are

binary compounds of oxygen

A binary compound is made up of only two
elements
Water, sand, carbon dioxide, rust
Metallic oxides usually corrode metals and make
them lose their luster
When metallic oxides dissolve in water they form
bases
Non-metallic oxides form acids

COMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS

SALTS
Are

compounds of a metal and non-metal or a

group of non-metals that are neither acids nor
bases nor oxides.
Neutral salts are salty
Acidic salts are a little bit sour
Basic salts are a little bit bitter
Ordinary table salt, Epsom salt, baking soda,
washing soda, alum

GENERALIZATION:

What are the types of compounds?

THINK OF IT

Organic compounds are generally more

environment friendly than inorganic
compounds because they are biodegradable.
Choose your materials wisely

EVALUATION:
1.

Which of the following cannot control the

corrosion of a metal?
a) electroplating
b) anodizing
c) painting or varnishing
d) oxidation

EVALUATION:
2.

a)

b)
c)

d)

Of all the metallic materials in the home, very few

are in their pure form. They are used as alloys.
Alloys are made by mixing together the base metal
and its alloying agents in their molten state. All of
the following are reasons why alloying is done
except to
to create metallic materials that have properties
suited to particular uses
to improve a metals hardness and strength
to improve a metals resistance to rust and
corrosion
to produce a material that is more expensive than
the original metals

EVALUATION:
3. Which does not belong to the ff. group of
metals?
a) aluminum c) steel
b) copper
d) platinum
4. Which of the ff. metals need to be
electroplated in order to prevent the
corrosion of its surface?
a) iron
c) silver
b) gold
d) platinum

EVALUATION:
5. Iron pipes used in plumbing are
a) electroplated c) painted
b) alloyed
d) tinned

ASSIGNMENT:
Give 5 examples for each of the following type
of inorganic compound:
acid
base
salt
oxide