Chapter 1 - Vector Analysis

Scalars and Vectors

Scalar Fields (temperature)
Vector Fields (gravitational, magnetic)

Vector Algebra

The Cartesian Coordinate System

Vector Components and Unit Vectors

The Vector Field

x 4

y 3

z 5

a)

b)

The Dot product

A.B = |A||B| cos AB

B in the direction of A
You need to normalize a
before the dot product.

Example

0.4 ( y 2 x)

200

x x y y z z

F 5.946
F
F

0.74

0.673

The Cross Product

A x B = aN|A||B| sin AB
ax ay az
A B

Ax Ay Az

Bx By Bz

Example
2

A 3

B 2

13

A B 14

16

Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System

d d

1 - Unit Vector
vary with
The coordinate
Since direction
changes

dz
d dz

2 Dot Product

d d dz

Circular Cylindrical Coordinate System

x

cos

sin

x y

atan

Dot Product

ax a

cos

ax a sin

ay a

sin

ay a cos

az az

Ax ax Ay ay Az az

A a A a Az az

A a

A A a

( Ax ax Ay ay Az az) a

Az

Az

Ax ax a Ay ay a

A ( Ax ax Ay ay Az az) a Ax ax a Ay ay a
Az
az a

( Ax ax Ay ay Az az) az
az

Az az az

Az

The Spherical Coordinate System

r sin cos

r sin sin

r cos

acos

atan

r0

z
2

x y z

x y z
y

0 180

The Spherical Coordinate System

x

r sin cos

r sin sin

r cos

r dr d
r sin dr d
r sin d d
2

r sin dr d d
2

Homework Chapter 1
27.

r1 2

r2 4

1 30

2
360

2 50

2
360

1 20

360

2 60

2
360

For the volume enclosed within these spherical coordinates, find a) the enclosed volume b) the
surface area c) the total length of the twelve edges of the surface d) the length of the longest straight
line that lies within the volume.

a)

r2

Volume

r1

b)

r sin d d d r
2

Volume 2.909

Again, the surface area consists of six sides: 2 different surfaces where is constant, 2
identical surfaces where is constant, and 2 different surfaces where r is constant.

r1_surface

r1 sin d d
2

r2

_surface

r1

r2_surface

r1_surface 0.623

r2 sin d d
2

r2_surface 2.494

r d dr

_surface 2.094

1_surface

r sin 1 d r d

r1

2_surface

r2

r2

r sin 2 d r d

r1

Surface_Area r1_surface r2_surface 1_surface 2_surface 2_surface

Surface_Area 12.609