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FLUID STATICS
INTRODUCTION
The term pressure refers to the effects of a force acting
against and distributed over a surface. The force may be exerted
by a solid, liquid or gas. Often, the force causing the pressure is
simply the weight of the material.
Pressure is a very important factor in many fluid mechanics
and hydraulics problems. As will be related subsequently in this
chapter, pressure exerted by a fluid varies directly with depth.
Hence, the pressure at the bottom of a dam is considerably
greater than that near the top of the dam, and enormous
pressures can act on a submarine at the oceans bottom.
Needless to say, pressure effects such as these must be taken
into account in designing structures such a dams and
submarines.
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
1.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
(c)
12. The hydraulic jack shown in Fig. 2-17 is filled with oil at
55lb/ft2 . Neglecting the weight of the two piston, what force F
on the handle is required to support the 2200-lb weight?
SOLUTION