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NOUVEAU
AKILA AMIRTHALINGAM
Vth SEMESTRER
INTRODUCTION: ART
NOUVEAU
Art Nouveau (French for
"New Style") was
popularized by the famous
Maison de l'Art Nouveau
(House of New Art), a Paris
art gallery operated by
Siegfried Bing.
INTRODUCTION: ART
NOUVEAU
Art Nouveau represents the
beginning of
INTRODUCTION: ART
NOUVEAU
TIME & PLACE
Art Nouveau art
and architecture
flourished in
major European
cities between
1890 and 1914.
INTRODUCTION: ART
NOUVEAU
It embracedall forms of art and design:
architecture
furniture
glassware
graphic design
jewelry
painting
pottery
metalwork
textile
INTRODUCTION: ART
NOUVEAU
HALLMARKS OF
ART NOUVEAU STYLE
flat, decorativepatterns;
intertwined organic forms such
as stems or flowers;
an emphasis on handcrafting as
opposed to machine
manufacturing;
the use of new materials;
and the rejection of
earlierstyles
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
FEATURES
Art Nouveau buildings have many of these
features:
Asymmetrical shapes
Extensive use of arches and curved forms
Curved glass
Curving, plant-like embellishments
Mosaics
Stained glass
Japanese motifs
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
Pierre
Francastel
divides Art Nouveau
into two main
tendencies that could
broadly termed the
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
Rationalist:
Organic:
Mackintosh school
Gaudi house
Glasglow, Scotland
1897-1909
-dependent on the straight line
Barcelona, Spain
1903
-gives precedence to the curved line and floral shapes
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
Stephan
Tschudi
Madsen
(Art Historian)
proposed a more subtle
classification, but still relies on
an assumed antagonism
between four designs
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
In his book Sources of Art Nouveau, he describes for styles:
1. An abstract, structural style with a
strong symbolic and dynamic
tendency (France & Belgium)
(Horta, Guimard, Van de Velde)
Aquarium Pavillion
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTURE
3. The linear, flat approach, with a
heavy symbolic element
(Glasglow group, Mackintosh)
Majolikahaus in Vienna
by Otto Wagner
ART NOUVEAU
ARCHITECTS
AND THEIR
WORKS
Victor
Horta
(Belgian architect and
designer)
(January 6, 1861 - September 8 1947)
Hotel
Tassel
Brussels, Belgium
Construction started
1893
Completed
1894
Hotel
van
Eetvelde
Brussels, Belgium
Construction started
Completed
1900
1898
Hotel
Solvay
Brussels,
Belgium
Construction started
1898
Completed
1900
Horta
Museum
formerly known as
Brussels, Belgium
Construction started
Completed
1900
1898
Hector
Guimard
(French architect)
(Lyon, March 10, 1867
New York,
May 20, 1942)
Castel
Beranger
Paris, France
1890 circa
multi-familty
housing,
Building Type
apartment
building
Construction bearing masonry,
System brick, cast iron
Climate temperate
Context urban
Notes Graceful
asymmetrical
wrought iron
entry gate,
precedent to
work of
contemporary
American
Details of
Castel
Beranger
Paris
Metro
Entrances
Paris, France
1899 to 1905
Building Type
Construction
iron and glass
System
Climate temperate
Context urban
Notes Graceful organic
forms.
Hotel
Guimard
Paris, France
1912
Building Type
private residence
hotel
Louis
Sullivan
(American architect)
(September 3, 1856 April 14,
1924)
"father of skyscrapers
"father of modernism
one of "the recognized trinity
of American architecture"
Wainwrigh
t
Building
Missouri, USA
1890 to 1891
Height: 44.81 meters / 147
feet
Stories: 10
Charles
Rennie
Mackintosh
The
Light
House
Glassglow, Scotland
Completed in
1895
Antonio
Gaudi
(Architect, Barcelona)
Gaudi was a Spanish (Catalan)
Architect who created complex
buildings in that the architecture
was considered sculptural as
well.
His buildings are considered
biomorphic, or organicallyshaped. This is possibly a
rejection to the coldness that a
machine-produced geometric
object would create
Casa
Battlo
Barcelona, Spain
1905-1907
Casa
Mil
Classification
Description of work
A.
B.
C.
D.
Antoni Gaud
Plan
Outdoor spaces:
Front: Despite the appearance that offers powerful, it is a simple lining and
stand on the rocks due to the internal structure of iron.
The rows of balconies heavy curl alternately inwards and outwards, and this
gives the whole unit a plastic. Forms that evoke nature: both the front and
steep undulating, embodied the feeling of waters that break the resistance
of a stone structure, in continuity with the natural coastal and mountain
ranges of Catalonia.
The forms also recall the waves of the Mediterranean Sea. Iron railings:
full of vitality organic mimic some marine rocks and sand on the beach.
Gaudi, the son of a coppersmith, retained the affection wrought iron, which
was a great master.
Roof: One of the most amazing spaces that can be found in the
universal architecture and is a veritable forest of magical shapes.
Vents: Also take fantastic shapes. Only fences that protect visitors
there was added later. Some believe and see figures relate to Islamic
traditions of Muslims and Christians. Others think seeing shapes from
the stony place called Fray Guerau, Montserrat. Others, even the most
distant yet related sites such as Cappadocia. Pieces of broken
champagne bottles: a group of chimney lining, Arte Povera and
anticipate the second half of the twentieth century.
La
Sagrada
Familia
(The Holy Family)
Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
1882-2026
Story of Creation 1
The construction started in 1882
PLAN
The Sagrada Famlia was planned from the outset to be a cathedralsized building.
FACADES
INTERIOR
There are gaps in the floor of theapse, providing a view down into
the crypt below.
The columns of the interior are a unique Gaud design. Besides
branching to support their load, their ever-changing surfaces are the
result of the intersection of various geometric forms. The simplest
example is that of a square base evolving into an octagon as the
column rises, then a sixteen-sided form, and eventually to a circle.
This effect is the result of a three-dimensional intersection of
helicoidal (forming or arranged in a spiral )columns (for example a
square cross-section column twisting clockwise and a similar one
twisting counter-clockwise).
Essentially none of the interior surfaces are flat; the ornamentation is
comprehensive and rich, consisting in large part of abstract shapes
which combine smooth curves and jagged points. Even detail-level
work such as the iron railings for balconies and stairways are full of
curvaceous elaboration.
GEOMETRIC DETAILS
pinnacle detail
Parque
Guell
Barcelona, Spain
1900 to 1914
Parque Guell, or Guell Park is
surrounded
by an undulating mosaic wall.
THANKYOU